{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T10:08:37Z","timestamp":1791108517416,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hypertension"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Abstract<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014We evaluated the effects  of the kallikrein-kinin system on the proliferation and migration of  primary cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in vitro and  neointima formation in balloon-injured rat carotid arteries  in vivo. In cultured rat VSMCs, tissue kallikrein inhibited cell  proliferation, and this inhibitory effect was blocked by  Sar-Tyr-Aca(\u03b5)-Lys  [\n            <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\n            -\u03b2Nal\n            <jats:sup>7<\/jats:sup>\n            ,Ile\n            <jats:sup>8<\/jats:sup>\n            ]-des-Arg\n            <jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\n            -bradykinin,  a bradykinin B\n            <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n            receptor antagonist, and by  icatibant, a bradykinin B\n            <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n            receptor antagonist.  Platelet-derived growth factor significantly increased the  expression of the B\n            <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n            receptor but not the B\n            <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n            receptor in VSMCs. Platelet-derived growth factor\u2013induced cell  migration was significantly attenuated by  des-Arg\n            <jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\n            -bradykinin and to a lesser degree by bradykinin.  Endogenous B\n            <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n            receptor mRNA increased in rat  carotid arteries after balloon angioplasty. After local delivery of  adenovirus carrying the human tissue kallikrein gene into the rat  carotid artery, we observed a 54% reduction in the intima\/media ratio  at the injured site compared with the control ratio (n=7,\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;0.01). Administration of the B\n            <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n            receptor  antagonist via minipumps blocked the protective effect of  kallikrein and partially reversed the intima\/media ratio toward the  control ratio. Kallikrein gene delivery results in the regeneration of  endothelium compared with the control groups, and the  B\n            <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n            receptor antagonist abolished this effect.  Nitrite\/nitrate, cGMP, and cAMP levels in balloon-injured arteries  significantly increased after kallikrein gene delivery, whereas the  B\n            <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n            receptor antagonist abolished these  increases (n=4 or 5,\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;0.05). These results indicate  that the B\n            <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n            receptor contributes to the reduction of  neointima formation via the promotion of  reendothelialization and inhibition of VSMC  proliferation and migration through NO-cGMP and cAMP signaling  pathways. This study provides significant implications in treating  restenosis after revascularization.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/01.hyp.36.3.364","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,12]],"date-time":"2012-06-12T00:25:31Z","timestamp":1339460731000},"page":"364-370","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Bradykinin B\n            <sub>1<\/sub>\n            Receptor Mediates Inhibition of Neointima Formation in Rat Artery After Balloon Angioplasty"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Jun","family":"Agata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical  University of South Carolina, Charleston."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert Q.","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical  University of South Carolina, Charleston."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katsutoshi","family":"Yayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical  University of South Carolina, Charleston."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lee","family":"Chao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical  University of South Carolina, Charleston."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Chao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical  University of South Carolina, Charleston."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2526370"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI116454"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1993.2344"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/res.72.6.7684331"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hyp.34.2.164"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1991.tb12300.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(81)90391-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1987.tb11319.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(93)90976-O"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1994.tb14847.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1997.273.1.C7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/hum.1998.9.1-21"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-679X(08)60603-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.1041140306"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/res.59.6.3545532"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(98)00165-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/res.75.1.8013081"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/res.82.8.852"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","first-page":"1","volume":"10","year":"1979","unstructured":"Brooker G, Harper JF, Terasaki WL, Moylan RD. 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