{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T13:01:01Z","timestamp":1792155661990,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hypertension"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Abstract<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014We compared  systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood  pressure (DBP), pulse pressure (PP), and mean arterial  pressure (MAP) in predicting the risk of cardiovascular  disease (CVD), stratifying results at age 60 years, when DBP decreases  while SBP continues to increase. We prospectively followed 11 150 male  physicians with no history of CVD or antihypertensive treatment through  the 2-year questionnaire, after which follow-up began. Reported blood  pressure was averaged from both the baseline and 2-year questionnaires.  During a median follow-up of 10.8 years, there were 905 cases of  incident CVD. For men aged &lt;60 years (n=8743), those in the highest  versus lowest quartiles of average SBP (\u2265130 versus &lt;116  mm Hg), DBP (\u226581 versus &lt;73 mm Hg), and MAP (\u226597 versus  &lt;88 mm Hg) had relative risks (RRs) of CVD of 2.16, 2.23, and  2.52, respectively. Models with average MAP and PP did not add  information compared with models with MAP alone  (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &gt;0.05). For men aged \u226560 years (n=2407), those in  the highest versus lowest quartiles of average SBP (\u2265135 versus  &lt;120 mm Hg), PP (\u226555 versus &lt;44 mm Hg), and MAP (\u226599  versus &lt;91 mm Hg) had RRs of CVD of 1.69, 1.83, and 1.43,  respectively. The addition of other blood pressure measures did not add  information compared with average SBP or PP alone (all\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &gt;0.05). These data suggest that average SBP, DBP, and  MAP strongly predict CVD among younger men, whereas either average SBP  or PP predicts CVD among older men. More research should distinguish  whether MAP, highly correlated with SBP and DBP, better predicts  CVD.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/01.hyp.36.5.801","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,12]],"date-time":"2012-06-12T00:25:31Z","timestamp":1339460731000},"page":"801-807","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":443,"title":["Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure, Pulse Pressure, and Mean Arterial Pressure as Predictors of Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Men"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Howard D.","family":"Sesso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Division of Preventive Medicine (H.D.S., J.M.G., J.E.M.,  R.J.G.), Cardiovascular Division (J.M.G.), and Channing Laboratory (M.J.S.,  B.R., J.E.M.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital and  Harvard Medical School; Departments of Epidemiology (H.D.S., M.J.S., J.E.M.),  Nutrition (M.J.S.), and Biostatistics (R.J.G.), Harvard School of Public  Health; and Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information  Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center (J.M.G.), Boston,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meir J.","family":"Stampfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Division of Preventive Medicine (H.D.S., J.M.G., J.E.M.,  R.J.G.), Cardiovascular Division (J.M.G.), and Channing Laboratory (M.J.S.,  B.R., J.E.M.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital and  Harvard Medical School; Departments of Epidemiology (H.D.S., M.J.S., J.E.M.),  Nutrition (M.J.S.), and Biostatistics (R.J.G.), Harvard School of Public  Health; and Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information  Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center (J.M.G.), Boston,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernard","family":"Rosner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Division of Preventive Medicine (H.D.S., J.M.G., J.E.M.,  R.J.G.), Cardiovascular Division (J.M.G.), and Channing Laboratory (M.J.S.,  B.R., J.E.M.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital and  Harvard Medical School; Departments of Epidemiology (H.D.S., M.J.S., J.E.M.),  Nutrition (M.J.S.), and Biostatistics (R.J.G.), Harvard School of Public  Health; and Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information  Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center (J.M.G.), Boston,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles H.","family":"Hennekens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Division of Preventive Medicine (H.D.S., J.M.G., J.E.M.,  R.J.G.), Cardiovascular Division (J.M.G.), and Channing Laboratory (M.J.S.,  B.R., J.E.M.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital and  Harvard Medical School; Departments of Epidemiology (H.D.S., M.J.S., J.E.M.),  Nutrition (M.J.S.), and Biostatistics (R.J.G.), Harvard School of Public  Health; and Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information  Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center (J.M.G.), Boston,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Michael","family":"Gaziano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Division of Preventive Medicine (H.D.S., J.M.G., J.E.M.,  R.J.G.), Cardiovascular Division (J.M.G.), and Channing Laboratory (M.J.S.,  B.R., J.E.M.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital and  Harvard Medical School; Departments of Epidemiology (H.D.S., M.J.S., J.E.M.),  Nutrition (M.J.S.), and Biostatistics (R.J.G.), Harvard School of Public  Health; and Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information  Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center (J.M.G.), Boston,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JoAnn E.","family":"Manson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Division of Preventive Medicine (H.D.S., J.M.G., J.E.M.,  R.J.G.), Cardiovascular Division (J.M.G.), and Channing Laboratory (M.J.S.,  B.R., J.E.M.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital and  Harvard Medical School; Departments of Epidemiology (H.D.S., M.J.S., J.E.M.),  Nutrition (M.J.S.), and Biostatistics (R.J.G.), Harvard School of Public  Health; and Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information  Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center (J.M.G.), Boston,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Glynn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Division of Preventive Medicine (H.D.S., J.M.G., J.E.M.,  R.J.G.), Cardiovascular Division (J.M.G.), and Channing Laboratory (M.J.S.,  B.R., J.E.M.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital and  Harvard Medical School; Departments of Epidemiology (H.D.S., M.J.S., J.E.M.),  Nutrition (M.J.S.), and Biostatistics (R.J.G.), Harvard School of Public  Health; and Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information  Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center (J.M.G.), Boston,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1997.00440420033005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-198910000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.hyp.13.4.392"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","unstructured":"O\u2019Rourke MF. 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