{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T13:30:48Z","timestamp":1769002248435,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We have previously shown that extracellular acidity protects cultured fetal murine neocortical neurons from glutamate toxicity and combined oxygen-glucose deprivation injury, an action at least in part mediated by reduction in N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation. We now investigate the effect of extracellular alkalinity on both glutamate neurotoxicity and injury due to combined oxygen-glucose deprivation.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>The effects of extracellular alkalinity during injury induced by exposure of murine neocortical cultures to glutamate (0.5 mM for 5 minutes) or oxygen-glucose deprivation are characterized morphologically and quantitated by efflux of lactate dehydrogenase from both neurons and glia to the bathing medium. Calcium accumulation is measured with calcium-45.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>Moderate extracellular alkalinity is well tolerated by cortical cells but significantly potentiates both glutamate neuronal toxicity and oxygen-glucose deprivation neuronal injury. In contrast, glial viability in the face of combined oxygen-glucose deprivation is little affected by extracellular alkalinity. Increased accumulation of calcium-45 during oxygen-glucose deprivation in alkalotic medium and blockade of this increase by MK-801 is demonstrated.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>These observations suggest that alkaline pH can exacerbate excitotoxic neuronal injury, most likely because of increased N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation. Metabolic alkalosis of any etiology may sensitize neurons to ischemic injury and potentiate reperfusion injury.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/01.str.23.12.1817","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,17]],"date-time":"2011-06-17T20:08:03Z","timestamp":1308341283000},"page":"1817-1821","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Extracellular alkalinity exacerbates injury of cultured cortical neurons."],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"R G","family":"Giffard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University School of Medicine, Calif. 94305-5117."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J H","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University School of Medicine, Calif. 94305-5117."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D W","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University School of Medicine, Calif. 94305-5117."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","container-title":["Stroke"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1161\/01.STR.23.12.1817","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,12]],"date-time":"2024-05-12T22:12:41Z","timestamp":1715551961000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/01.STR.23.12.1817"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1992,12]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/01.STR.23.12.1817"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.str.23.12.1817","relation":{},"ISSN":["0039-2499","1524-4628"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0039-2499","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-4628","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1992,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1992-12-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}