{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T05:37:13Z","timestamp":1771306633400,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) is a multifunctional polypeptide that controls the production of extracellular matrix protein. Platelets store a large quantity of TGF-beta 1, which is released at hemorrhage. We recently reported that human recombinant TGF-beta 1 induced communicating hydrocephalus in mice. The aim of this study was to determine whether TGF-beta 1 is related to the development of communicating hydrocephalus after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>TGF-beta 1 in the cerebrospinal fluid of 24 patients with SAH was measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The levels were compared between hydrocephalic and nonhydrocephalic groups. Western blot analysis was performed to determine active TGF-beta 1 in the cerebrospinal fluid.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>TGF-beta 1 rapidly decreased from the onset of SAH. The level of TGF-beta 1 of 13 patients showing ventricular dilatation with periventricular low density on computed tomographic scan was 1.07 +\/- 0.37 ng\/mL on days 12 through 14, which was significantly higher than 0.52 +\/- 0.21 ng\/mL in patients without ventricular dilatation (P &lt; .02). Furthermore, the TGF-beta 1 level of patients who had undergone ventriculoperitoneal shunt (n = 11) was 1.11 +\/- 0.09 ng\/mL on days 12 through 14, which was also higher than the level of the nonshunt group (n = 13) (0.56 +\/- 0.22 ng\/mL; P &lt; .01). A 25-kD band was demonstrated by Western blot analysis in the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with SAH.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>Our results strongly suggest that TGF-beta 1 plays an important role in generating communicating hydrocephalus after SAH.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/01.str.25.7.1400","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,17]],"date-time":"2011-06-17T20:08:03Z","timestamp":1308341283000},"page":"1400-1404","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":82,"title":["Elevation of transforming growth factor-beta 1 level in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with communicating hydrocephalus after subarachnoid hemorrhage."],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"K","family":"Kitazawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Shinshu University, School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Tada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Shinshu University, School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","container-title":["Stroke"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1161\/01.STR.25.7.1400","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,12]],"date-time":"2024-05-12T22:41:04Z","timestamp":1715553664000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/01.STR.25.7.1400"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1994,7]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/01.STR.25.7.1400"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.str.25.7.1400","relation":{},"ISSN":["0039-2499","1524-4628"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0039-2499","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-4628","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1994,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1994-07-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}