{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T09:36:01Z","timestamp":1773308161717,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Background and Purpose<\/jats:italic>\n            Magnetic resonance (MR) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), a noninvasive procedure, may play an important role in detecting and accurately localizing the extent of evolving infarction within the period immediately following stroke. We evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of DWI in detecting ischemia and compared a quantitative measure derived from the DWI, the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), with autoradiographic cerebral blood flow (CBF) in an experimental model of focal cerebral ischemia in rats.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>\n            MR imaging data were obtained with a General Electric 4.7-T horizontal bore magnet CSI II system with self-shielded gradients. DWI was acquired within 41\u00b16 minutes (mean\u00b1SD) after onset of ischemia and repeated at 169\u00b114 minutes, followed by CBF determination at 237\u00b121 minutes. DWI, ADC, and CBF images from each animal were then compared.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>\n            The sensitivities for detecting an abnormality at 1 and 3 hours for DWI were significantly different, and the sensitivity of 3-hour DWI did not differ from the CBF sensitivity of 99%. A mean\u00b1SD ADC threshold of 460\u00b195 \u03bcm\n            <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n            \/s was defined as 45% higher than the low ADC in the ischemic core compared with the contralateral ADC. Subthreshold ADC area and ischemic area were significantly correlated (\n            <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n            =.69,\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;.05). In 19 of 48 regions of interest classified as ischemic (&lt;35 mL \u00b7 100 g\n            <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n            \u00b7 min\n            <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n            ) from both the 3-hour ADC and CBF images, 3-hour ADC correlated significantly with CBF (\n            <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n            =.27, n=19,\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;.05), whereas in the nonischemic regions ADC was inversely correlated with CBF. Several ischemic regions showed a sharp drop in ADC to 37% (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;.001, n=5) compared with all other regions (n=43) from 1 to 3 hours.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>\n            Because of the change in the sensitivity of detecting ischemia with DWI, the difference in correlation of CBF with ADC between ischemic and nonischemic cortex, and the presence of several regions in which ADC dropped to 37% from 1 to 3 hours, our data suggest that ADC values potentially can be used to monitor evolving infarction.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/01.str.26.4.667","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,17]],"date-time":"2011-06-17T20:08:03Z","timestamp":1308341283000},"page":"667-675","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Sensitivity of Magnetic Resonance Diffusion-Weighted Imaging and Regional Relationship Between the Apparent Diffusion Coefficient and Cerebral Blood Flow in Rat Focal Cerebral Ischemia"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Alejandro D.","family":"Perez-Trepichio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Biomedical Engineering (A.D.P.-T., S.C.J.), Neurology (A.J.F.), Neurosurgery (I.A.A.), and Radiology (M.X., T.C.N., A.W.M.), Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Biomedical Engineering (A.D.P.-T., S.C.J.), Neurology (A.J.F.), Neurosurgery (I.A.A.), and Radiology (M.X., T.C.N., A.W.M.), Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thian C.","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Biomedical Engineering (A.D.P.-T., S.C.J.), Neurology (A.J.F.), Neurosurgery (I.A.A.), and Radiology (M.X., T.C.N., A.W.M.), Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony W.","family":"Majors","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Biomedical Engineering (A.D.P.-T., S.C.J.), Neurology (A.J.F.), Neurosurgery (I.A.A.), and Radiology (M.X., T.C.N., A.W.M.), Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony J.","family":"Furlan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Biomedical Engineering (A.D.P.-T., S.C.J.), Neurology (A.J.F.), Neurosurgery (I.A.A.), and Radiology (M.X., T.C.N., A.W.M.), Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Issam A.","family":"Awad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Biomedical Engineering (A.D.P.-T., S.C.J.), Neurology (A.J.F.), Neurosurgery (I.A.A.), and Radiology (M.X., T.C.N., A.W.M.), Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen C.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Biomedical Engineering (A.D.P.-T., S.C.J.), Neurology (A.J.F.), Neurosurgery (I.A.A.), and Radiology (M.X., T.C.N., A.W.M.), Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1981.54.6.0773"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.22.8.1866750"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.23.5.1579958"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.23.5.1579959"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.19.1.3336899"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.161.2.3763909"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-199101000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910180106"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.42.1.235"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.23.9.1519287"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.22.6.2057981"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0730-725X(93)90465-P"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910140218"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.42.9.1717"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.23.11.1440708"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1993.117"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.25.2.8303762"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.23.11.1440719"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.23.12.1280378"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","first-page":"H473","volume":"257","year":"1989","unstructured":"Jones SC, Bose B, Furlan AJ, Friel HT, Easley KA, Meredith MP, Little JR. CO2 reactivity and heterogeneity of cerebral blood flow in ischemic, border zone and normal cortex. Am J Physiol. 1989;257:H473-H482.","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410260506"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.17.4.2943059"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","unstructured":"Xue M Ng TC Jones SC Perez-Trepichio AD Modic M. 1H NMR spectroscopic imaging with very small voxel size for the detection of metabolic injury of stroke in rat brain. In: Program and abstracts of the 10th annual meeting of the Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine; August 12-16 1991; San Francisco Calif. 1991:1051."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1990.112"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/63.3.290"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.1978.234.1.H59"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410150608"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1990.47"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0031619"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2529310"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4780050105"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","unstructured":"SAS Institute. SAS\/STAT User\u2019s Guide Version 6 Volume 2. Cary NC: SAS Institute Inc; 1989."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","first-page":"611","volume":"12","year":"1991","unstructured":"Bryan RN, Levy LM, Whitlow WD, Killian JM, Preziosi TJ, Rosario JA. Diagnosis of acute cerebral infarction: comparison of CT and MR imaging. AJNR. 1991;12:611-620.","journal-title":"AJNR"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","first-page":"621","volume":"12","year":"1991","unstructured":"Yuh WT, Crain MR, Loes DJ, Greene GM, Ryals TJ, Sato Y. MR imaging of cerebral ischemia: findings in the first 24 hours. AJNR. 1991;12:621-629.","journal-title":"AJNR"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.25.6.8202989"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.23.5.1374575"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","first-page":"171","volume":"24","year":"1993","unstructured":"Helpern JA, Ordidge RJ, Knight RA. The mechanism behind changes in diffusion-weighted MRI following stroke. Stroke. 1993;24:171. Abstract.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.11.6.7210064"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.16.1.3966252"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910300307"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.176.2.2367658"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910190210"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910200110"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-197906000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1986.34"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","first-page":"307","volume":"30","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kotwica Z, Thuomas KA, Persson L. Magnetic resonance studies on the development of ischemic edema in an early period after occlusion of middle cerebral artery in a rat. Radiol Diagn. 1989;30:307-311.","journal-title":"Radiol Diagn"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.177.2.2217777"}],"container-title":["Stroke"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/01.STR.26.4.667","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,12]],"date-time":"2024-05-12T22:09:50Z","timestamp":1715551790000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/01.STR.26.4.667"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,4]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/01.STR.26.4.667"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.str.26.4.667","relation":{},"ISSN":["0039-2499","1524-4628"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0039-2499","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-4628","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1994-07-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1994-12-29","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1995-04-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}