{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T23:08:02Z","timestamp":1770678482871,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Background and Purpose<\/jats:italic>\n            We describe the diagnostic potential of duplex color-flow imaging in the evaluation of extracranial vertebral artery dissection.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>\n            Twenty patients with 24 extracranial vertebral artery dissections (four bilateral) were examined with duplex ultrasonography over a period of 6 years. Color-flow imaging was carried out in 16 of these patients. In 15 patients (75%), the dissection was temporally related to trauma. Angiography was available in 18 patients, confirming the diagnosis.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>\n            In 15 patients, the diagnosis was primarily established with ultrasonography. Five patients with a dissection were referred for follow-up color-flow examinations. Six vertebral arteries were dissected at the origin or in the proximal V1 segment, one in the distal V2 segment, and one at the atlas loop. In contrast to other studies, the most frequent localization of the dissection in our patients was the region between the V1 and V2 segments (n=16), where the most typical dissection site was the entrance of the artery into the transverse foramen of the C6 vertebra (n=11). Typical ultrasonographic findings were irregular stenosis, dissecting membrane with true and false lumen, localized increase in diameter of the artery, pseudoaneurysm, intramural hematoma, and tapering stenosis with distal occlusion. In follow-up examination, a good regression of pathological findings was found in 17 dissections (70.8%). Two occlusions were completely recanalized.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>\n            Extracranial vertebral artery dissections can be diagnosed noninvasively with duplex color-flow imaging. It is therefore a useful method for early diagnosis and follow-up examination.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/01.str.27.2.290","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,17]],"date-time":"2011-06-17T20:08:03Z","timestamp":1308341283000},"page":"290-295","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":81,"title":["Evaluation of Extracranial Vertebral Artery Dissection With Duplex Color-Flow Imaging"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Eva","family":"Bartels","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus, Sta\u0308dtisches Krankenhaus Mu\u0308nchen-Bogenhausen, Munich, Germany."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.A.","family":"Flu\u0308gel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus, Sta\u0308dtisches Krankenhaus Mu\u0308nchen-Bogenhausen, Munich, Germany."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.16.6.3911505"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.18.6.3318002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00618256"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.16.6.4089921"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000109025"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199107000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.142.2.247"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.154.5.2108568"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.23.3.1542893"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","first-page":"116","volume":"18","year":"1987","unstructured":"Touboul PJ, Mas JL, Bousser MG, Laplane D. Duplex scanning in extracranial vertebral artery dissection. Stroke. 1987;18:116-121.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7863\/jum.1989.8.3.149"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02426464"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.24.6.8506553"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jon199222116"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000331979204300301"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","unstructured":"Krayenb\u00fchl H Yasargil MG. Die vaskul\u00e4ren Erkrankungen im Gebiet der Arteria vertebralis und Arteria basilaris. Stuttgart Germany: Thieme; 1957:13-17."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jon199334229"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jon199224218"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1991.00530220079023"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","first-page":"702","volume":"45","year":"1989","unstructured":"DeBray JM, Dubas F, Joseph PA, Causeret H, Pasquier JP, Emile E. Etude ultrasonique de 22 dissections carotidiennes. Rev Neurol (Paris). 1989;45:702-709.","journal-title":"Rev Neurol (Paris)"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7863\/jum.1991.10.11.607"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","first-page":"283","volume":"13","year":"1992","unstructured":"Friedman DP, Flanders AE. Unusual dissection of the proximal vertebral artery: description of three cases. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1992;13:283-286.","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00867589"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","unstructured":"Bartels E. Vertebral sonography. In: Tegeler C Babikian V eds. Neurosonology. St Louis Mo: CV Mosby Co. 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