{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T07:48:28Z","timestamp":1776844108019,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Background and Purpose<\/jats:italic>\n            Hypertension is considered common and appropriate with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), maintaining cerebral perfusion. Hypotension, in contrast, is considered rare and detrimental. This study was designed to assess the frequency of each in both acute and subacute phases of primary SAH.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>\n            SAH was created by arterial rupture in spontaneously breathing rats under urethane anesthesia without craniotomy (n=32). Arterial pressure and intracranial pressure (ICP) were monitored invasively.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>\n            After extensive extravasation, the mean ICP rose acutely from 8\u00b11 to 53\u00b14 mm Hg over 2.4\u00b10.3 minutes. Acute pressor changes occurred transiently in 71%. The most common acute response was hypotension (63%). Hypertension, in contrast, was rare (6%); the remainder was invariant (29%). Hypertension was associated with significantly lower maximum ICP values (39\u00b14 versus 69\u00b14 mm Hg,\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;.001) with a negative correlation between hypotension and \u0394ICP (\n            <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n            =\u2212.7,\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;.01). Distinct and independent of acute responses, hypotension also occurred subacutely as a cardiovascular collapse (38%).\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>\n            In contrast to popular belief, the most common acute response with SAH is hypotension; hypertension is rare. This, in fact, is in full agreement with Cushing: hypertension was seen only with gradual \u0394ICPs. In contrast, a \u201cvariant\u201d to the classic response (hypotension) occurred with sudden \u0394ICPs. In the present study, hypotension stanched SAH at lower maximum ICP values, and thus with less cerebral compression. Despite this, cardiovascular collapse developed in a large proportion irrespective of acute change. Such collapse without prior hypertension (94%) implies a nonadrenergic etiology.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/01.str.28.7.1445","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,17]],"date-time":"2011-06-17T20:08:03Z","timestamp":1308341283000},"page":"1445-1450","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Cushing\u2019s \u2018Variant\u2019 Response (Acute Hypotension) After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Laurence A.G.","family":"Marshman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Neurosurgery and Experimental Medicine, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-198111000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"193","volume":"24","year":"1996","unstructured":"Boita E, Vivancos J, Leon T, Segura T, Fernandez-Garc\u00eda C, Lopez-Lopez F. 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