{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T08:28:28Z","timestamp":1782548908526,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Background and Purpose<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014In Germany, basic data on stroke morbidity are lacking. If a population-based register in former East Germany is excluded, only routine mortality statistics have thus far provided information on epidemiology of stroke. Therefore, a population-based register of stroke was set up in Southern Germany to determine incidence and case fatality in a defined German population.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014The Erlangen Stroke Project (ESPro) is a prospective community-based study among the 101 450 residents of the city of Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany. Standard definitions and overlapping case-finding methods were used to identify all cases of first-ever stroke in all age-groups, occurring in the 2 years of registration (April 1, 1994, to March 31, 1996). All identified cases of first-ever strokes were followed up at 3 and 12 months from onset.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014During 2 years of registration, 354 first-ever-in-a-lifetime strokes (FELS) were registered. The diagnosis and stroke type were confirmed by CT scan in 95% of cases. Fifty-one percent of all FELS occurred in the age group \u226575 years of age. The crude annual incidence rate was 1.74 per 1000 (1.47 for men and 2.01 for women). After age-adjustment to the European population, the incidence rate was 1.34 per 1000 (1.48 for men and 1.25 for women). The annual crude incidence rate of cerebral infarction was 1.37\/1000, intracerebral hemorrhage 0.24\/1000, subarachnoid hemorrhage 0.06\/1000, and unspecified stroke 0.08\/1000. Overall case fatality at 28 days was 19.4%, at 3 months it was 28.5%, and at 1 year 37.3%.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014The first prospective community-based stroke register including all age groups in Germany revealed incidence rates of stroke similar to those reported from other population-based studies in western industrialized countries, but lower than that observed in former East Germany.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/01.str.29.12.2501","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,17]],"date-time":"2011-06-17T20:08:03Z","timestamp":1308341283000},"page":"2501-2506","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":207,"title":["A Prospective Community-Based Study of Stroke in Germany\u2014The Erlangen Stroke Project (ESPro)"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Peter L.","family":"Kolominsky-Rabas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Neurology (P.L.K.-R., P.U.H., C.G., S.S., B.N.) and Medical Statistics (A.K.), Friedrich-Alexander Universitaet Erlangen\u2013Nuremberg, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany; the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Promotion (C.S.), National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland; the Departments of Medicine (E.L.) and Geriatric Medicine (K.-G.G.), Waldkrankenhaus St. Marien, Erlangen, Germany; and the Department of Neurological Rehabilitation (T.R.v S.), Klinikum am..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cinzia","family":"Sarti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Neurology (P.L.K.-R., P.U.H., C.G., S.S., B.N.) and Medical Statistics (A.K.), Friedrich-Alexander Universitaet Erlangen\u2013Nuremberg, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany; the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Promotion (C.S.), National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland; the Departments of Medicine (E.L.) and Geriatric Medicine (K.-G.G.), Waldkrankenhaus St. Marien, Erlangen, Germany; and the Department of Neurological Rehabilitation (T.R.v S.), Klinikum am..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter Ulrich","family":"Heuschmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Neurology (P.L.K.-R., P.U.H., C.G., S.S., B.N.) and Medical Statistics (A.K.), Friedrich-Alexander Universitaet Erlangen\u2013Nuremberg, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany; the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Promotion (C.S.), National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland; the Departments of Medicine (E.L.) and Geriatric Medicine (K.-G.G.), Waldkrankenhaus St. Marien, Erlangen, Germany; and the Department of Neurological Rehabilitation (T.R.v S.), Klinikum am..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Graf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Neurology (P.L.K.-R., P.U.H., C.G., S.S., B.N.) and Medical Statistics (A.K.), Friedrich-Alexander Universitaet Erlangen\u2013Nuremberg, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany; the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Promotion (C.S.), National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland; the Departments of Medicine (E.L.) and Geriatric Medicine (K.-G.G.), Waldkrankenhaus St. Marien, Erlangen, Germany; and the Department of Neurological Rehabilitation (T.R.v S.), Klinikum am..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"Siemonsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Neurology (P.L.K.-R., P.U.H., C.G., S.S., B.N.) and Medical Statistics (A.K.), Friedrich-Alexander Universitaet Erlangen\u2013Nuremberg, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany; the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Promotion (C.S.), National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland; the Departments of Medicine (E.L.) and Geriatric Medicine (K.-G.G.), Waldkrankenhaus St. Marien, Erlangen, Germany; and the Department of Neurological Rehabilitation (T.R.v S.), Klinikum am..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernhard","family":"Neundoerfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Neurology (P.L.K.-R., P.U.H., C.G., S.S., B.N.) and Medical Statistics (A.K.), Friedrich-Alexander Universitaet Erlangen\u2013Nuremberg, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany; the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Promotion (C.S.), National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland; the Departments of Medicine (E.L.) and Geriatric Medicine (K.-G.G.), Waldkrankenhaus St. Marien, Erlangen, Germany; and the Department of Neurological Rehabilitation (T.R.v S.), Klinikum am..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandar","family":"Katalinic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Neurology (P.L.K.-R., P.U.H., C.G., S.S., B.N.) and Medical Statistics (A.K.), Friedrich-Alexander Universitaet Erlangen\u2013Nuremberg, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany; the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Promotion (C.S.), National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland; the Departments of Medicine (E.L.) and Geriatric Medicine (K.-G.G.), Waldkrankenhaus St. Marien, Erlangen, Germany; and the Department of Neurological Rehabilitation (T.R.v S.), Klinikum am..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erich","family":"Lang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Neurology (P.L.K.-R., P.U.H., C.G., S.S., B.N.) and Medical Statistics (A.K.), Friedrich-Alexander Universitaet Erlangen\u2013Nuremberg, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany; the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Promotion (C.S.), National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland; the Departments of Medicine (E.L.) and Geriatric Medicine (K.-G.G.), Waldkrankenhaus St. Marien, Erlangen, Germany; and the Department of Neurological Rehabilitation (T.R.v S.), Klinikum am..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karl-Gu\u0308nther","family":"Gassmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Neurology (P.L.K.-R., P.U.H., C.G., S.S., B.N.) and Medical Statistics (A.K.), Friedrich-Alexander Universitaet Erlangen\u2013Nuremberg, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany; the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Promotion (C.S.), National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland; the Departments of Medicine (E.L.) and Geriatric Medicine (K.-G.G.), Waldkrankenhaus St. Marien, Erlangen, Germany; and the Department of Neurological Rehabilitation (T.R.v S.), Klinikum am..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theodor Ritter","family":"von Stockert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Neurology (P.L.K.-R., P.U.H., C.G., S.S., B.N.) and Medical Statistics (A.K.), Friedrich-Alexander Universitaet Erlangen\u2013Nuremberg, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany; the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Promotion (C.S.), National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland; the Departments of Medicine (E.L.) and Geriatric Medicine (K.-G.G.), Waldkrankenhaus St. Marien, Erlangen, Germany; and the Department of Neurological Rehabilitation (T.R.v S.), Klinikum am..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.21.7.2368114"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"WHO Regional Office for Europe and the European Stroke Council. Report on Pan European Consensus Meeting on Stroke Management Helsingborg; Sweden November 8\u201310 1995. Copenhagen Denmark: WHO; 1996."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(87)91331-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","first-page":"535","volume":"524","year":"1995","unstructured":"Bonita R, Broad JB, Anderson NE, Beaglehole R. Approaches to the problems of measuring the incidence of stroke: the Auckland Stroke Study, 1991\u20131992. Int J Epidemiol. 1995;524:535\u2013542.","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.27.3.550"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","unstructured":"Statistisches Jahrbuch. Bev\u00f6lkerungsentwicklung in Deutschland. Statistisches Bundesamt. Wiesbaden Germany: Statistisches Bundesamt; 1996."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","first-page":"541","volume":"54","year":"1976","unstructured":"Hatano S. Experience from a multicenter stroke register: a preliminary report. Bull World Health Organ. 1976;54:541\u2013553.","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Asplund K Tuomilehto J Stegmayr B Wester P Tunstall-Pedoe H. Diagnostic criteria and quality control of the registration of stroke events in the MONICA project. Acta Med Scand. 1998;728(suppl 1):26\u201339.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1988.tb05550.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","unstructured":"Barer DH Ellul J on behalf of the ESDB Collaborators. The European Stroke DataBase (ESDB) Project: developing a common clinical language for stroke. Eur J Neurol. 1995;2(suppl 2):11\u201312. Abstract."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/27.2.115"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","unstructured":"Waterhouse J Muir C Shanmugarathan K Powell J eds. Cancer Incidence in Five Continents Vol 4. Lyon France: IARC Sci Publ; 1982;42:673."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000110529"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.28.11.2180"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.51.11.1373"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.26.10.1787"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.13.5.7123595"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.53.1.16"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.54.8.695"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000110171"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.25.3.8128505"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.23.1.1731417"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.23.3.1542896"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.23.12.1448817"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.27.9.1487"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.24.8.8342187"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(94)90131-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000108182"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.26.6.924"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.20.5.2718196"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","first-page":"373","volume":"27","year":"1996","unstructured":"Brown RD, Whisnant JP, Sicks JD, O\u2019Fallon WM, Wiebers DO. Stroke incidence, prevalence, and survival: secular trends in Rochester, Minnesota, through 1989. Stroke. 1996;27:373\u2013380.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.23.11.1440701"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.25.3.8128506"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","unstructured":"Karl F Illinger H Ostermann K Schmidt R Radebold H Sprung-Ostremann B. Epidemiologie des Schlaganfalls. M\u00fcnch Med Wschr.1985;127:306\u2013308."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.26.6.919"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.28.3.500"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.19.5.3363592"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.23.12.1448819"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/026921559100500203"}],"container-title":["Stroke"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/01.STR.29.12.2501","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,12]],"date-time":"2024-05-12T22:40:10Z","timestamp":1715553610000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/01.STR.29.12.2501"}},"subtitle":["Incidence and Case Fatality at 1, 3, and 12 Months"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,12]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/01.STR.29.12.2501"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.str.29.12.2501","relation":{},"ISSN":["0039-2499","1524-4628"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0039-2499","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-4628","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1998-07-31","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1998-09-10","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1998-12-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}