{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T14:04:22Z","timestamp":1777125862194,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Background and Purpose<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014We attempted ultrasonographic evaluation of the distal extracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) using the transoral method (transoral carotid ultrasonography [TOCU]).\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014The subjects consisted of five healthy volunteers and seven stroke patients. Examinations were performed with a color Doppler flow imaging system equipped with convex array transducers (7 or 9.5 MHz), originally designed for transrectal use. After local anesthesia of the pharynx, we inserted a probe covered with thin gum transorally, touching the tip to the pharyngeal posterolateral wall. We then attempted to detect the ICA and measure flow velocity of the distal extracranial ICA using principal images obtained by TOCU.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014TOCU was successfully performed in all subjects without any difficulty. In the healthy volunteers, the ICA was identified at a depth of 2.2\u00b10.6 cm and visualized as a vertical linear vessel 2.9\u00b10.3 cm in length and bent slightly backward. The diameter and mean flow velocity of the distal extracranial ICA were 4.7\u00b10.2 mm and 50\u00b17 cm\/s, respectively. In the stroke patients, some remarkable findings were obtained, including a narrow ICA with low flow velocity in a patient with possible ICA dissection, a lucent echo without flow signal in a patient with acute cardioembolic ICA occlusion, and decreased ICA flow velocity in a patient with ipsilateral MCA stenosis.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014These preliminary data demonstrate the potential applicability of TOCU to the evaluation of flow in the far distal extracranial ICA. TOCU definitely warrants further investigation in patients with carotid artery disease.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/01.str.29.7.1383","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,17]],"date-time":"2011-06-17T20:08:03Z","timestamp":1308341283000},"page":"1383-1388","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Transoral Carotid Ultrasonography"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Yasaka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Cerebrovascular Division, Department of Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazumi","family":"Kimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Cerebrovascular Division, Department of Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryoichi","family":"Otsubo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Cerebrovascular Division, Department of Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katsunori","family":"Isa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Cerebrovascular Division, Department of Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kuniyasu","family":"Wada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Cerebrovascular Division, Department of Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuyuki","family":"Nagatsuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Cerebrovascular Division, Department of Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuo","family":"Minematsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Cerebrovascular Division, Department of Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takenori","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Cerebrovascular Division, Department of Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","unstructured":"Hennerici M Rautenberg W Mohr JP Steinke W. Ultrasound imaging and Doppler sonography in the diagnosis of cerebrovascular diseases. In: Barnett HJM Mohr JP Stein BM Yatsu FM eds. Stroke: Pathophysiology Diagnosis and Management. New York NY: Churchill Livingstone; 1992:241\u2013269."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.26.10.1781"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.27.4.700"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","first-page":"1447","volume":"18","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kimura K, Yonemura K, Terasaki T, Hashimoto Y, Uchino M. Duplex carotid sonography in distinguishing acute unilateral atherothrombotic from cardioembolic carotid artery occlusion. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1997;18:1447\u20131452.","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.23.3.1542906"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1078-5884(96)80042-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","unstructured":"Huber P. Common carotid artery. In: Huber P ed. Krayenb\u00fchl\/Yasargil Cerebral Angiography. Stuttgart Germany: Georg Thieme Verlag; 1982:36\u201337."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","unstructured":"Mohr JP Gautier JC Pessin MS. Internal carotid artery disease. In: Barnett HJM Mohr JP Stein BM Yatsu FM eds. Stroke: Pathophysiology Diagnosis and Management. New York NY: Churchill Livingstone; 1992:285\u2013335."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","unstructured":"Huber P. Pathological changes of the internal carotid artery. In: Huber P ed. Krayenb\u00fchl\/Yasargil Cerebral Angiography. Stuttgart Germany: Georg Thieme Verlag; 1982:55\u201361."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199108153250701"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1995.03520420037035"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.25.5.7909394"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.7.4.960154"}],"container-title":["Stroke"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/01.STR.29.7.1383","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,12]],"date-time":"2024-05-12T22:35:15Z","timestamp":1715553315000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/01.STR.29.7.1383"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,7]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/01.STR.29.7.1383"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.str.29.7.1383","relation":{},"ISSN":["0039-2499","1524-4628"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0039-2499","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-4628","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1997-12-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1998-04-07","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1998-07-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}