{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T02:10:04Z","timestamp":1774923004368,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Background and Purpose<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014Questionnaires to elicit symptoms of transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) may detect late-life transient visual symptoms similar to the visual aura of migraine, often without headache. We determined the frequency, characteristics, and stroke outcome of these symptoms in the Framingham Study.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014During 1971\u20131989, at biennial examinations, 2110 subjects of the Framingham cohort were systematically queried about the occurrence of sudden visual symptoms.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014Visual migrainous symptoms were reported by 1.23% (26\/2110) of subjects (1.33% of women and 1.08% of men). In 65% of subjects the episodes were stereotyped, and they began after age 50 years in 77%. Mean\u00b1SD age at onset of the episodes was 56.2\u00b118.7 years. In 58% of subjects the episodes were never accompanied by headaches, and 42% had no headache history. The number of episodes ranged from 1 to 500 and was 10 or more in 69% of subjects. The episodes lasted 15 to 60 minutes in 50% of subjects. Sixty-five percent of the subjects were examined by a study neurologist, and only 19% of them met the criteria of the International Headache Society. Twelve percent of subjects sustained a stroke after the onset of migrainous visual symptoms: a subarachnoid hemorrhage 1 year later, an atherothrombotic brain stem infarct 3 years later, and a cardioembolic stroke 27 years later. In contrast, of 87 subjects with TIAs in the same cohort, 33% developed a stroke (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            =0.030), two thirds within 6 months of TIA onset.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014Late-life-onset transient visual phenomena similar to the visual aura of migraine are not rare and often occur in the absence of headache. These symptoms appear not to be associated with an increased risk of stroke, and invasive diagnostic procedures or therapeutic measures are generally not indicated.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/01.str.29.8.1539","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,17]],"date-time":"2011-06-17T20:08:03Z","timestamp":1308341283000},"page":"1539-1543","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":79,"title":["Migrainous Visual Accompaniments Are Not Rare in Late Life"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Christine A. C.","family":"Wijman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Neurology (C.A.C.W, P.A.W, C.S.K, M.K.-H.), Boston University School of Medicine, and the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.S.B.), Boston University School of Public Health (Mass), and the Framingham Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, Mass."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip A.","family":"Wolf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Neurology (C.A.C.W, P.A.W, C.S.K, M.K.-H.), Boston University School of Medicine, and the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.S.B.), Boston University School of Public Health (Mass), and the Framingham Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, Mass."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlos S.","family":"Kase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Neurology (C.A.C.W, P.A.W, C.S.K, M.K.-H.), Boston University School of Medicine, and the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.S.B.), Boston University School of Public Health (Mass), and the Framingham Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, Mass."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margaret","family":"Kelly-Hayes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Neurology (C.A.C.W, P.A.W, C.S.K, M.K.-H.), Boston University School of Medicine, and the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.S.B.), Boston University School of Public Health (Mass), and the Framingham Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, Mass."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexa S.","family":"Beiser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Neurology (C.A.C.W, P.A.W, C.S.K, M.K.-H.), Boston University School of Medicine, and the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.S.B.), Boston University School of Public Health (Mass), and the Framingham Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, Mass."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","first-page":"9","volume":"7","year":"1980","unstructured":"Fisher CM. Late-life migraine accompaniments as a cause of unexplained transient ischemic attacks. Can J Neurol Sci. 1980;7:9\u201317.","journal-title":"Can J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(84)34268-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.17.5.3532432"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.1986.hed2606266.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"211","volume":"93","year":"1968","unstructured":"Fisher CM. Migraine accompaniments versus arteriosclerotic ischemia. Trans Am Neurol Assoc. 1968;93:211\u2013213.","journal-title":"Trans Am Neurol Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0039-6257(82)90149-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0885-3924(93)90106-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","first-page":"591","volume":"24","year":"1987","unstructured":"Manusov EG. Late-life migraine accompaniments: a case presentation and literature review. J Fam Pract. 1987;24:591\u2013594.","journal-title":"J Fam Pract"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(81)80027-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","first-page":"787","volume":"3","year":"1971","unstructured":"Riffenburgh RS. Migraine equivalent: the scintillating scotoma. Ann Ophthalmol. 1971;3:787\u2013788.","journal-title":"Ann Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","first-page":"283","volume":"2","year":"1967","unstructured":"Whitty CW. Migraine without headache. Lancet. 1967;2:283\u2013285.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","unstructured":"Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society. Classification and diagnostic criteria for headache disorders cranial neuralgias and facial pains. Cephalalgia. 1988;8(suppl 7):1\u201396."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1966.00470160022003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.23.6.570"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8619(18)30321-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","unstructured":"Cupples LA D\u2019Agostino RB. Some risk factors related to the annual incidence of cardiovascular disease and death using pooled repeated biennial measurements. In: Kannel WB Wolf PA Garrison RJ eds. The Framingham Study: An Epidemiological Investigation of Cardiovascular Disease. Bethesda Md: National Heart Lung and Blood Institute; 1987. NIH publication 87\u20132703."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","first-page":"129","volume":"11","year":"1991","unstructured":"Rasmussen BK, Jensen R, Olesen J. A population-based analysis of the diagnostic criteria of the International Headache Society. Cephalalgia. 1991;11:129\u2013134.","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.42.9.1657"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(60)91650-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.23.1.23"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","first-page":"581","volume":"11","year":"1979","unstructured":"Wiley RG. The scintillating scotoma without headache. Ann Ophthalmol. 1979;11:581\u2013585.","journal-title":"Ann Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.55.6.437"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.1988.hed2809599.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","first-page":"912","volume":"25","year":"1994","unstructured":"Fujita T, Nakai O, Seo H. Migraine equivalent and hemorrhagic infarction. Stroke. 1994;25:912. Letter.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1995.00540260031012"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)90669-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1995.tb09070.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1997.00550160012009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.310.6983.830"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.307.6899.289"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.28.7.1507"}],"container-title":["Stroke"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/01.STR.29.8.1539","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,12]],"date-time":"2024-05-12T22:00:15Z","timestamp":1715551215000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/01.STR.29.8.1539"}},"subtitle":["The Framingham Study"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,8]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/01.STR.29.8.1539"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.str.29.8.1539","relation":{},"ISSN":["0039-2499","1524-4628"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0039-2499","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-4628","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1998-04-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1998-05-13","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1998-08-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}