{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T09:12:19Z","timestamp":1791969139247,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Background and Purpose<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014Adhesion molecules mediate attachment and transendothelial migration of leukocytes as a critical step in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Their expression and release were comparatively investigated in patients with large- and small-vessel disease of the central nervous system.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014With immunological methods, serum concentrations of endothelial-derived adhesion molecules (soluble endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule [sE-selectin], soluble vascular-leukocyte adhesion molecule-1, and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 [sICAM-1]) were quantified in patients with obstructive disease of extracranial (n=89) and intracranial (n=20) large-vessel disease and patients with subcortical vascular encephalopathy (n=64), a cerebral small-vessel disease. As controls, age- and sex-matched subjects without obstructive cerebrovascular disease (n=67) were studied.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014We observed significantly increased serum concentrations of sE-selectin and sICAM-1 in patients with both obstructive disease of the large brain-supplying arteries and subcortical vascular encephalopathy. Interestingly, the highest levels were observed in intracranial macroangiopathy. Furthermore, concentrations of sICAM-1 and sE-selectin were significantly increased in current smokers but not in diabetic or hypertensive patients.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014The observation of elevated release of endothelial-derived adhesion molecules in both patients with stenoses of the large brain-supplying arteries and patients with subcortical vascular encephalopathy indicates that inflammatory endothelial activation and adhesion of leukocytes play similarly important roles in cerebral large- and small-vessel disease.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/01.str.30.8.1647","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,17]],"date-time":"2011-06-17T20:08:03Z","timestamp":1308341283000},"page":"1647-1650","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":86,"title":["Adhesion Molecules in Cerebrovascular Diseases"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Klaus","family":"Fassbender","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Neurology (K.F., O.M., F.M., M.H.) and Institute for Clinical Chemistry (T.B.), University of Heidelberg, Klinikum Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Bertsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Neurology (K.F., O.M., F.M., M.H.) and Institute for Clinical Chemistry (T.B.), University of Heidelberg, Klinikum Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Orell","family":"Mielke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Neurology (K.F., O.M., F.M., M.H.) and Institute for Clinical Chemistry (T.B.), University of Heidelberg, Klinikum Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Mu\u0308hlhauser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Neurology (K.F., O.M., F.M., M.H.) and Institute for Clinical Chemistry (T.B.), University of Heidelberg, Klinikum Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Hennerici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Neurology (K.F., O.M., F.M., M.H.) and Institute for Clinical Chemistry (T.B.), University of Heidelberg, Klinikum Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199408183310709"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","first-page":"425","volume":"34","year":"1990","unstructured":"Springer TA. Adhesion receptors of the immune system. Nature. 1990;34:425\u2013434.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2466335"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V84.7.2068.2068"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(93)90267-O"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.98.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","first-page":"952","volume":"144","year":"1994","unstructured":"Johnson Tidey RR, McGregor JL, Taylor PR, Poston RN. Increase in the adhesion molecule P-selectin in endothelium overlying atherosclerotic plaques: co-expression with intercellular adhesion molecule-1. Am J Pathol.. 1994;144:952\u2013961.","journal-title":". Am J Pathol."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.28.1.77"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","first-page":"S15","volume":"49","year":"1997","unstructured":"DeGraba TJ. Vascular cell adhesion molecules-1 has been shown to be highly expressed in atherosclerotic lesion. Neurology. 1997;49:S15\u2013S19.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/atvb.17.3.505"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)09032-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.28.11.2214"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.96.12.4219"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.26.8.1361"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision. Geneva Switzerland: World Health Organization; 1992."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_16_2","first-page":"197","volume":"3","year":"1994","unstructured":"Hennerici M, Oster M, Cohen SA, Schwartz A, Motsch L, Daffertshofer M. Are gait disturbances and white matter lesions early indicators of vascular dementia? Dementia. 1994;3:197\u2013202.","journal-title":"Dementia"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.28.7.1351"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_18_2","unstructured":"Meairs SP Hennerici M. Cerebrovascular ultrasound. In: Ginsberg MD Bogousslavsky J eds. Cerebrovascular Disease: Pathophysiology Diagnosis and Management. Malden Mass: Blackwell Publishers; 1998."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.27.11.2069"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.90.6.7994837"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/res.82.5.532"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI445"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.15.6911"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.27.12.2207"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/atvb.17.8.1517"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_26_2","first-page":"469","volume":"77","year":"1997","unstructured":"Nie Q, Fan J, Haraoka S, Shimokama T, Watanabe T. Inhibition of mononuclear cell recruitment in aortic intima by treatment with anti-ICAM-1 and anti-LFA-1 monoclonal antibodies in hypercholesterolemic rats: implications of the ICAM-1 and LFA-1 pathway in atherogenesis. Lab Invest. 1997;77:469\u2013482.","journal-title":"Lab Invest"}],"container-title":["Stroke"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/01.STR.30.8.1647","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,12]],"date-time":"2024-05-12T22:25:14Z","timestamp":1715552714000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/01.STR.30.8.1647"}},"subtitle":["Evidence for an Inflammatory Endothelial Activation in Cerebral Large- and Small-Vessel Disease"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,8]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/01.STR.30.8.1647"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.str.30.8.1647","relation":{},"ISSN":["0039-2499","1524-4628"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0039-2499","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-4628","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1998-07-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1999-03-16","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1999-08-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}