{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:08:07Z","timestamp":1787789287324,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Background and Purpose<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014Cerebral ischemia has been proposed as contributing mechanism to secondary neuronal injury after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Possible tools for investigating this hypothesis are diffusion-weighted (DWI) and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (\n            <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n            H-MRSI). However, magnetic field inhomogeneity induced by paramagnetic blood products may prohibit the application of such techniques on perihematoma tissue. We report on the feasibility of DWI and\n            <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n            H-MRSI in the study of human ICH and present preliminary data on their contribution to understanding perihematoma tissue functional and metabolic profiles.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014Patients with acute supratentorial ICH were prospectively evaluated using DWI and\n            <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n            H-MRSI. Obscuration of perihematoma tissue with both sequences was assessed. Obtainable apparent diffusion coefficient (Dav) and lactate spectra in perihematoma brain tissue were recorded and analyzed.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014Nine patients with mean age of 63.4 (36 to 87) years were enrolled. Mean time from symptom onset to initial MRI was 3.4 (1 to 9) days; mean hematoma volume was 35.4 (5 to 80) cm\n            <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n            . Perihematoma diffusion values were attainable in 9 of 9 patients, and\n            <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n            H-MRSI measures were obtainable in 5 of 9 cases. Dav in perihematoma regions was 172.5 (120.0 to 302.5)\u00d710\n            <jats:sup>\u22125<\/jats:sup>\n            mm\n            <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n            \/s and 87.6 (76.5 to 102.1)\u00d710\n            <jats:sup>\u22125<\/jats:sup>\n            mm\n            <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n            \/s in contralateral corresponding regions of interest (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            =0.002). One patient showed an additional area of reduced Dav with normal T\n            <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n            intensity, which suggests ischemia.\n            <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n            H-MRSI revealed lactate surrounding the hematoma in 2 patients.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014DWI and\n            <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n            H-MRSI can be used in the study of ICH patients. Our preliminary data are inconsistent with ischemia as the primary mechanism for perihematoma tissue injury. Further investigation with advanced MRI techniques will give a clearer understanding of the role that ischemia plays in tissue injury after ICH.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/01.str.31.3.726","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,17]],"date-time":"2011-06-17T20:10:52Z","timestamp":1308341452000},"page":"726-732","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":93,"title":["Diffusion-Weighted MRI and Proton MR Spectroscopic Imaging in the Study of Secondary Neuronal Injury After Intracerebral Hemorrhage"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Juan R.","family":"Carhuapoma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Divisions of Neurosciences Critical Care (J.R.C., D.F.H.) and Neuroradiology (P.Y.W., N.J.B., P.B.B.) and the Department of Emergency Medicine (P.M.K.), The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Md."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul Y.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Divisions of Neurosciences Critical Care (J.R.C., D.F.H.) and Neuroradiology (P.Y.W., N.J.B., P.B.B.) and the Department of Emergency Medicine (P.M.K.), The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Md."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norman J.","family":"Beauchamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Divisions of Neurosciences Critical Care (J.R.C., D.F.H.) and Neuroradiology (P.Y.W., N.J.B., P.B.B.) and the Department of Emergency Medicine (P.M.K.), The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Md."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Penelope M.","family":"Keyl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Divisions of Neurosciences Critical Care (J.R.C., D.F.H.) and Neuroradiology (P.Y.W., N.J.B., P.B.B.) and the Department of Emergency Medicine (P.M.K.), The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Md."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel F.","family":"Hanley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Divisions of Neurosciences Critical Care (J.R.C., D.F.H.) and Neuroradiology (P.Y.W., N.J.B., P.B.B.) and the Department of Emergency Medicine (P.M.K.), The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Md."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter B.","family":"Barker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Divisions of Neurosciences Critical Care (J.R.C., D.F.H.) and Neuroradiology (P.Y.W., N.J.B., P.B.B.) and the Department of Emergency Medicine (P.M.K.), The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Md."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1993.78.2.0188"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"A338","volume":"50","year":"1998","unstructured":"Diringer MN, Adams RE, Dunford-Shore JE, Videen TO, Yundt KD, Powers WJ. Cerebral blood flow is symmetrically reduced in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage. Neurology. 1998;50:A338\u2013S45.001. Abstract.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.52.2.266"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410110306"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1987.66.4.0568"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198810000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004647-199811000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004647-199806000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.171.1.9648768"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.24.12.8248973"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.188.1.8511313"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","first-page":"28","volume":"84","year":"1989","unstructured":"Marion D, Ikura M, Bax A. Improved solvent suppression in one- and two-dimensional NMR spectra by convolution of time-domain data. J Magn Reson Imaging. 1989;84:28\u201341.","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910350313"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.27.8.1304"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","unstructured":"Osborn AG. Intracranial hemorrhage. In: Neuroradiology. 1st ed. St Louis Mo: Mosby; 1994:154\u2013198."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.85.10.3440"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1995.83.6.1045"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.1993.10.167"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-3848(85)90141-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.72.1.131"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.1991.tb00852.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1995.65031415.x","volume":"65","year":"1995","unstructured":"Smith-Swintowski VL, Zimmer S, Fenton J, Mattson MP. Opposing actions of thrombin and protease nexin-1 on amyloid beta-peptide toxicity in and on accumulation of peroxides and calcium in hippocampal neurons. J Neurochem. 1995;65:1415\u20131418.","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.15-08-05840.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.15-07-05389.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(91)90261-V"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.15-04-02906.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","first-page":"17","volume":"10","year":"1998","unstructured":"Zurn AD, Nick H, Monard D. A glia-derived nexin promotes neurite overgrowth in cultured chick sympathetic neurons. Dev Neurosci. 1998;10:17\u201324.","journal-title":"Dev Neurosci"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01560562"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.118.2.411"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(92)90302-T"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","first-page":"86","volume":"60","year":"1994","unstructured":"Nishino A, Suzuki M, Yoshimoto T, Otani H, Nagura H. A novel aspect of thrombin in the tissue reaction following central nervous system injury. Acta Neurochir. 1994;60:86\u201388.","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01420301"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1996.84.1.0091"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1997.86.2.0272"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1994.81.1.0093"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","first-page":"555","volume":"60","year":"1994","unstructured":"Yang GY, Betz AL, Hoff JT. The effects of blood or plasma clot on brain edema in the rat with intracerebral hemorrhage. Acta Neurochir. 1994;60:555\u2013557.","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1999.90.3.0499"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.51.5.1369"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.28.5.1082"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.42.9.1717"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410370214"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","first-page":"1254","volume":"27","year":"1996","unstructured":"Warach S, Moseley ME, Sorensen AG, Koroshetz W. Time course of diffusion imaging abnormalities in human stroke. Stroke. 1996;27:1254\u20131255.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.26.11.1983"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.29.9.1778"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.192.3.8058940"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","first-page":"R697","volume":"265","year":"1993","unstructured":"Mun-Bryce S, Kroh FO, White J, Rosenberg GA. Brain lactate and pH dissociation in edema: H- and P-NMR in collagenase-induced hemorrhage in rats. Am J Physiol. 1993;265:R697\u2013R702.","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1992.77.6.0917"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1980.53.4.0470"}],"container-title":["Stroke"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/01.STR.31.3.726","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,12]],"date-time":"2024-05-12T22:08:48Z","timestamp":1715551728000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/01.STR.31.3.726"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,3]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/01.STR.31.3.726"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.str.31.3.726","relation":{},"ISSN":["0039-2499","1524-4628"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0039-2499","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-4628","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1999-09-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1999-12-02","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2000-03-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}