{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T06:47:01Z","timestamp":1791269221441,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background and Purpose<\/jats:italic>\u2014NXY-059 is a novel nitrone with free radical\u2013trapping properties that has a considerable neuroprotective effect in rats. We have now examined the efficacy of this drug at reducing long-term functional disability in a primate model of stroke.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>\u2014Twelve monkeys were trained and tested on a variety of behavioral tasks used to dissociate and quantify motor and spatial deficits. Five minutes after permanent occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery, monkeys received a 1-mL intravenous infusion of either saline or NXY-059 (28 mg \u00b7 kg<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup><jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>), and osmotic minipumps, model 2001D, were implanted subcutaneously to provide continuous drug or saline infusion for 48 hours. Drug-filled pumps released NXY-059 at 16 mg \u00b7 kg<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup><jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\u00b7 h<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup><jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>. The monkeys were retested 3 and 10 weeks after surgery to assess functional disability. Surgery, behavioral testing, and histology were all done blinded to treatment condition.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>\u2014NXY-059\u2013treated monkeys were significantly better at reaching with their hemiparetic arm than were saline-treated monkeys when retested 3 weeks (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.01) and 10 weeks (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.01) after surgery. Drug treatment also significantly lessened the degree of spatial perceptual neglect (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.01), a debilitating though ameliorating consequence of this infarct. NXY-059 treatment reduced the overall amount of brain damage by &gt;50% of saline-treatment values, with similar levels of protection afforded to both white and gray matter.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>\u2014This novel drug has a substantial protective effect, lessening the disability caused by an experimentally induced stroke in a primate species. These findings provide considerable encouragement for the clinical development of NXY-059.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/01.str.32.1.190","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,17]],"date-time":"2011-06-17T20:08:03Z","timestamp":1308341283000},"page":"190-198","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":141,"title":["NXY-059, a Free Radical\u2013Trapping Agent, Substantially Lessens the Functional Disability Resulting From Cerebral Ischemia in a Primate Species"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Jonathan W. B.","family":"Marshall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From MRC Comparative Cognition Team, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge (UK) (J.W.B.M., K.J.D., R.M.R.); and AstraZeneca R&amp;D Charnwood, Loughborough, UK (A.R.G.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharine J.","family":"Duffin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From MRC Comparative Cognition Team, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge (UK) (J.W.B.M., K.J.D., R.M.R.); and AstraZeneca R&amp;D Charnwood, Loughborough, UK (A.R.G.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. Richard","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From MRC Comparative Cognition Team, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge (UK) (J.W.B.M., K.J.D., R.M.R.); and AstraZeneca R&amp;D Charnwood, Loughborough, UK (A.R.G.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosalind M.","family":"Ridley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From MRC Comparative Cognition Team, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge (UK) (J.W.B.M., K.J.D., R.M.R.); and AstraZeneca R&amp;D Charnwood, Loughborough, UK (A.R.G.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","first-page":"165","volume":"1","year":"1996","unstructured":"Siesjo BK, Agardh CD, Bengtsson F. Free radicals and brain damage. 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