{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T19:48:16Z","timestamp":1790970496882,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ATVB"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>Objective\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            Pioglitazone, an antihyperglycemic drug, increases plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol in patients with type 2 diabetes. The mechanisms by which pioglitazone regulate HDL levels are not clear. This study examined the effect of pioglitazone on hepatocyte apolipoprotein AI (apoA-I) and apoA-II production and HDL-protein\/cholesterol ester uptake.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>Methods and Results\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            In human hepatoblastoma (HepG2) cells, pioglitazone, dose-dependently (0.5 to 10 \u03bcmol\/L), increased the de novo synthesis (up to 45%), secretion (up to 44%), and mRNA expression (up to 59%) of apoA-I. Pioglitazone also increased apoA-II de novo synthesis (up to 73%) and mRNA expression (up to 129%). Pioglitazone did not affect the uptake of HDL\n            <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n            -protein or HDL\n            <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n            -cholesterol ester in HepG2 cells. The pioglitazone-induced apoA-I lipoprotein particles increased cholesterol efflux from THP-1 macrophages. The pioglitazone-induced apoA-I secretion or mRNA expression by the HepG2 cells was abrogated with the suppression of PPAR-\u03b1 by small interfering RNA or a specific inhibitor of PPAR-\u03b1, MK886.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>Conclusions\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            The data indicate that pioglitazone increases HDL by stimulating the de novo hepatic synthesis of apoA-I without affecting hepatic HDL-protein or HDL-cholesterol removal. We suggest that pioglitazone-mediated hepatic activation of PPAR-\u03b1 may be one of the mechanisms of action of pioglitazone to raise hepatic apoA-I and HDL.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/atvbaha.107.150193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,14]],"date-time":"2007-09-14T01:48:55Z","timestamp":1189734535000},"page":"2428-2434","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Pioglitazone Stimulates Apolipoprotein A-I Production Without Affecting HDL Removal in HepG2 Cells"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Shucun","family":"Qin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Atherosclerosis Research Center, Southern California Institute for Research and Education, Department of Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Long Beach, and the Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianjiao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Atherosclerosis Research Center, Southern California Institute for Research and Education, Department of Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Long Beach, and the Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vaijinath S.","family":"Kamanna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Atherosclerosis Research Center, Southern California Institute for Research and Education, Department of Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Long Beach, and the Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moti L.","family":"Kashyap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Atherosclerosis Research Center, Southern California Institute for Research and Education, Department of Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Long Beach, and the Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","unstructured":"Wong ND Malik S Kashyap ML. Dyslipidemia. In: Preventive Cardiology Eds. Wong ND Black HR Gardin JM McGraw Hill Co. Inc. New York pp 183\u2013211 2005."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)39898-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(89)90118-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-3848(85)90116-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00041433-199606000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI115532"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/atvb.15.11.1987"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.15.8.1075"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.atv.0000090521.25968.4d"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00019501-200108000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4158\/EP.7.3.162"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","first-page":"10","volume":"111","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kipnes MS, Krosnick A, Rendell MS, Egan JW, Mathisen AL, Schneider RL. Pioglitazone hydrochloride in combination with sulfonylurea therapy improves glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, placebo-controlled study. Amer J Med. 2001; 111: 10\u201317.","journal-title":"Amer J Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-2918(00)83039-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.22.12953"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R100034200"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2003-0288"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)42003-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI10909"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00041433-199904000-00009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M306336200"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2000.3868"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/atvb.17.10.2020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M400132-JLR200"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/atvb.16.8.1052"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.164.19.2097"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.atv.0000195790.24531.4f"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.7.1547"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.15.9270"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.12.7004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/153537020222701108"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2000-8525"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hco.0000126582.27767.87"}],"container-title":["Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/ATVBAHA.107.150193","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,12]],"date-time":"2024-05-12T23:06:43Z","timestamp":1715555203000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/ATVBAHA.107.150193"}},"subtitle":["Involvement of PPAR-\u03b1"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,11]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/ATVBAHA.107.150193"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/atvbaha.107.150193","relation":{},"ISSN":["1079-5642","1524-4636"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1079-5642","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-4636","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2007-09-13","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}