{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T20:39:44Z","timestamp":1789072784583,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ATVB"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>Objective\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease. Autoimmune responses to low-density lipoproteins (LDL) contribute to its progression, whereas immunization with LDL may induce atheroprotective or proatherogenic responses. The objective of this study was to develop an atheroprotective vaccine by targeting a peptide of the LDL protein constituent apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB-100) to the nasal mucosa to induce a protective mucosal immune response.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>Methods and Results\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            A peptide comprising amino acids 3136 to 3155 of apoB-100 (p210) was fused to the B subunit of cholera toxin (CTB), which binds to a ganglioside on mucosal epithelia. The effect of nasal administration of the p210-CTB fusion protein on atherogenesis was compared with that of an ovalbumin peptide fused to CTB and with untreated controls. Immunization with p210-CTB for 12 weeks caused a 35% reduction in aortic lesion size in\n            <jats:italic>Apoe<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            mice. This effect was accompanied by induction of regulatory T cells that markedly suppressed effector T cells rechallenged with apoB-100 and increased numbers of interleukin (IL)-10\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cells. Furthermore, a peptide-specific antibody response was observed. Atheroprotection was also documented in\n            <jats:italic>apoe<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            mice lacking functional transforming growth factor-\u03b2 receptors on T cells.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:italic>Conclusion\u2014<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            Nasal administration of an apoB-100 peptide fused to CTB attenuates atherosclerosis and induces regulatory Tr1 cells that inhibit T effector responses to apoB-100.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/atvbaha.109.202671","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,19]],"date-time":"2010-02-19T02:39:06Z","timestamp":1266547146000},"page":"946-952","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":179,"title":["Intranasal Immunization With an Apolipoprotein B-100 Fusion Protein Induces Antigen-Specific Regulatory T Cells and Reduces Atherosclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Roland","family":"Klingenberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna (R.K., A.H., D.S., D.F.J.K., N.G., G.K.H.) and Departments of Medicine and Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge (M.R.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Microbiology &amp; Immunology and University of Gothenburg Vaccine Research Institute (GUVAX), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., J.H.); and Department of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Lebens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna (R.K., A.H., D.S., D.F.J.K., N.G., G.K.H.) and Departments of Medicine and Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge (M.R.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Microbiology &amp; Immunology and University of Gothenburg Vaccine Research Institute (GUVAX), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., J.H.); and Department of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Hermansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna (R.K., A.H., D.S., D.F.J.K., N.G., G.K.H.) and Departments of Medicine and Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge (M.R.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Microbiology &amp; Immunology and University of Gothenburg Vaccine Research Institute (GUVAX), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., J.H.); and Department of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gunilla Nordin","family":"Fredrikson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna (R.K., A.H., D.S., D.F.J.K., N.G., G.K.H.) and Departments of Medicine and Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge (M.R.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Microbiology &amp; Immunology and University of Gothenburg Vaccine Research Institute (GUVAX), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., J.H.); and Department of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Strodthoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna (R.K., A.H., D.S., D.F.J.K., N.G., G.K.H.) and Departments of Medicine and Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge (M.R.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Microbiology &amp; Immunology and University of Gothenburg Vaccine Research Institute (GUVAX), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., J.H.); and Department of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mats","family":"Rudling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna (R.K., A.H., D.S., D.F.J.K., N.G., G.K.H.) and Departments of Medicine and Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge (M.R.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Microbiology &amp; Immunology and University of Gothenburg Vaccine Research Institute (GUVAX), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., J.H.); and Department of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel F.J.","family":"Ketelhuth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna (R.K., A.H., D.S., D.F.J.K., N.G., G.K.H.) and Departments of Medicine and Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge (M.R.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Microbiology &amp; Immunology and University of Gothenburg Vaccine Research Institute (GUVAX), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., J.H.); and Department of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norbert","family":"Gerdes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna (R.K., A.H., D.S., D.F.J.K., N.G., G.K.H.) and Departments of Medicine and Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge (M.R.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Microbiology &amp; Immunology and University of Gothenburg Vaccine Research Institute (GUVAX), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., J.H.); and Department of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Holmgren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna (R.K., A.H., D.S., D.F.J.K., N.G., G.K.H.) and Departments of Medicine and Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge (M.R.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Microbiology &amp; Immunology and University of Gothenburg Vaccine Research Institute (GUVAX), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., J.H.); and Department of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Nilsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna (R.K., A.H., D.S., D.F.J.K., N.G., G.K.H.) and Departments of Medicine and Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge (M.R.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Microbiology &amp; Immunology and University of Gothenburg Vaccine Research Institute (GUVAX), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., J.H.); and Department of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Go\u0308ran K.","family":"Hansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna (R.K., A.H., D.S., D.F.J.K., N.G., G.K.H.) and Departments of Medicine and Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge (M.R.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Microbiology &amp; Immunology and University of Gothenburg Vaccine Research Institute (GUVAX), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L., J.H.); and Department of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67394-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.106.676890"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra043430"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1882"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0409015102"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circresaha.108.182428"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.3.821"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/atvb.16.8.1074"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9150(98)00015-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/atvb.21.1.108"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardiores.2004.01.028"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.0000029750.99462.30"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(02)02135-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.106.615609"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2006.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2008.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.atv.0000067935.02679.b0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.atv.0000067937.93716.db"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1213"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2008.07.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.11.7634"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2004.02520.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI18607"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119892"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2009.04.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-2896.2006.00420.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/90604"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.10.5986"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1343"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1791009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm876"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2005.04.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circresaha.109.196667"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.178.1.27"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2567.2003.01665.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehn336"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2008.01995.x"}],"container-title":["Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/ATVBAHA.109.202671","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,12]],"date-time":"2024-05-12T22:48:35Z","timestamp":1715554115000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/ATVBAHA.109.202671"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,5]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/ATVBAHA.109.202671"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/atvbaha.109.202671","relation":{},"ISSN":["1079-5642","1524-4636"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1079-5642","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-4636","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2010-02-18","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}