{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T08:35:55Z","timestamp":1791275755083,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ATVB"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Objective\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Clinical studies have identified that reduced numbers of circulating plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) act as a predictor of cardiovascular events in coronary artery disease and that pDCs are detectable in the shoulder region of human atherosclerotic plaques, where rupture is most likely to occur. Results from animal models are controversial, with pDCs seen to inhibit or promote lesion development depending on the experimental settings. Here, we investigated the role of pDCs in atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E\u2212deficient mice.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              We demonstrated that the aorta and spleen of both apolipoprotein E\u2212deficient and C57BL\/6 mice displayed similar numbers of pDCs, with similar activation status. In contrast, assessment of antigen uptake\/presentation using the E\u03b1\/Y-Ae system revealed that aortic pDCs in apolipoprotein E\u2212deficient\n              <jats:sup>-<\/jats:sup>\n              mice were capable of presenting in vivo systemically administered antigen. Continuous treatment of apolipoprotein E\u2212deficient mice with anti\u2212mouse plasmacytoid dendritic cell antigen 1 (mPDCA-1) antibody caused specific depletion of pDCs in the aorta and spleen and significantly reduced atherosclerosis formation in the aortic sinus (by 46%;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.001). Depletion of pDCs also reduced macrophages (by 34%;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.05) and increased collagen content (by 41%;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.05) in aortic plaques, implying a more stable plaque phenotype. Additionally, pDC depletion reduced splenic T-cell activation and inhibited interleukin-12, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1, monokine induced by interferon-\u03b3, interferon \u03b3\u2212induced protein 10, and vascular endothelium growth factor serum levels.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>These results identify a critical role for pDCs in atherosclerosis and suggest a potential role for pDC targeting in the control of the pathology.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/atvbaha.112.251314","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,31]],"date-time":"2012-08-31T04:30:02Z","timestamp":1346387402000},"page":"2569-2579","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":119,"title":["Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Play a Key Role in Promoting Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E\u2013Deficient Mice"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Neil","family":"MacRitchie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.M., G.G., S.R.S., M.M., M.K.-S., I.B.M., J.M.B., P.G., P.M.); Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy (G.G., M.M., A.I., P.M.); and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (P.W., N.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianluca","family":"Grassia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.M., G.G., S.R.S., M.M., M.K.-S., I.B.M., J.M.B., P.G., P.M.); Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy (G.G., M.M., A.I., P.M.); and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (P.W., N.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suleman R.","family":"Sabir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.M., G.G., S.R.S., M.M., M.K.-S., I.B.M., J.M.B., P.G., P.M.); Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy (G.G., M.M., A.I., P.M.); and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (P.W., N.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcella","family":"Maddaluno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.M., G.G., S.R.S., M.M., M.K.-S., I.B.M., J.M.B., P.G., P.M.); Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy (G.G., M.M., A.I., P.M.); and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (P.W., N.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Welsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.M., G.G., S.R.S., M.M., M.K.-S., I.B.M., J.M.B., P.G., P.M.); Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy (G.G., M.M., A.I., P.M.); and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (P.W., N.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naveed","family":"Sattar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.M., G.G., S.R.S., M.M., M.K.-S., I.B.M., J.M.B., P.G., P.M.); Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy (G.G., M.M., A.I., P.M.); and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (P.W., N.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Armando","family":"Ialenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.M., G.G., S.R.S., M.M., M.K.-S., I.B.M., J.M.B., P.G., P.M.); Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy (G.G., M.M., A.I., P.M.); and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (P.W., N.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariola","family":"Kurowska-Stolarska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.M., G.G., S.R.S., M.M., M.K.-S., I.B.M., J.M.B., P.G., P.M.); Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy (G.G., M.M., A.I., P.M.); and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (P.W., N.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iain B.","family":"McInnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.M., G.G., S.R.S., M.M., M.K.-S., I.B.M., J.M.B., P.G., P.M.); Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy (G.G., M.M., A.I., P.M.); and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (P.W., N.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James M.","family":"Brewer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.M., G.G., S.R.S., M.M., M.K.-S., I.B.M., J.M.B., P.G., P.M.); Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy (G.G., M.M., A.I., P.M.); and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (P.W., N.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Garside","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.M., G.G., S.R.S., M.M., M.K.-S., I.B.M., J.M.B., P.G., P.M.); Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy (G.G., M.M., A.I., P.M.); and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (P.W., N.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pasquale","family":"Maffia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.M., G.G., S.R.S., M.M., M.K.-S., I.B.M., J.M.B., P.G., P.M.); Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy (G.G., M.M., A.I., P.M.); and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (P.W., N.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra043430"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.021908.132620"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10146"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V98.13.3520"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.5.3260"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0800185"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0609180104"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-09-3746"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20041930"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2358"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-02-0426"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/79747"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2008.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20031059"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20062373"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20040035"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1333"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20092627"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2012.01.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","first-page":"430318","article-title":"Plasmacytoid dendritic cells: from heart to vessels.","volume":"2010","author":"Sorrentino R","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sorrentino R, Morello S, Pinto A. 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