{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T15:29:18Z","timestamp":1769959758429,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ATVB"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Objective\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A recent observational study with almost 2 million men reported an association between low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and worse kidney function. The causality of this association would be strongly supported if genetic variants associated with HDL cholesterol were also associated with kidney function.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Approach and Results\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              We used 68 genetic variants (single-nucleotide polymorphisms [SNPs]) associated with HDL cholesterol in genome-wide association studies including &gt;188\u2009000 subjects and tested their association with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) using summary statistics from another genome-wide association studies meta-analysis of kidney function including \u2264133\u2009413 subjects. Fourteen of the 68 SNPs (21%) had a\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              value &lt;0.05 compared with the 5% expected by chance (Binomial test\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =5.8\u00d710\n              <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n              <jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\n              ). After Bonferroni correction, 6 SNPs were still significantly associated with eGFR. The genetic variants with the strongest associations with HDL cholesterol concentrations were not the same as those with the strongest association with kidney function and vice versa. An evaluation of pleiotropy indicated that the effects of the HDL-associated SNPs on eGFR were not mediated by HDL cholesterol. In addition, we performed a Mendelian randomization analysis. This analysis revealed a positive but nonsignificant causal effect of HDL cholesterol\u2013increasing variants on eGFR.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In summary, our findings indicate that HDL cholesterol does not causally influence eGFR and propose pleiotropic effects on eGFR for some HDL cholesterol\u2013associated SNPs. This may cause the observed association by mechanisms other than the mere HDL cholesterol concentration.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/atvbaha.116.308393","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,30]],"date-time":"2016-09-30T02:59:13Z","timestamp":1475204353000},"page":"2252-2258","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Is High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Causally Related to Kidney Function?"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Stefan","family":"Coassin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria (S.C., S.F., C.L., F.K.); and Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute for Medical Biometry and Statistics, Medical Center \u2013 University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany (A.K.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salome","family":"Friedel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria (S.C., S.F., C.L., F.K.); and Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute for Medical Biometry and Statistics, Medical Center \u2013 University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany (A.K.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"K\u00f6ttgen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria (S.C., S.F., C.L., F.K.); and Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute for Medical Biometry and Statistics, Medical Center \u2013 University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany (A.K.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Lamina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria (S.C., S.F., C.L., F.K.); and Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute for Medical Biometry and Statistics, Medical Center \u2013 University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany (A.K.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Kronenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria (S.C., S.F., C.L., F.K.); and Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute for Medical Biometry and Statistics, Medical Center \u2013 University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany (A.K.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2002.00600.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2015.180"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000103624.14436.4B"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2005.09916.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.26.4.670"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2000.00165.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2005070733"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V1482084"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-0306"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2015.12.034"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","article-title":"Mendelian randomization as an approach to assess causality using observationa data [published online ahead of print August 2, 2016].","author":"Sekula P","unstructured":"Sekula P, Del Greco MF, Pattaro C, K\u00f6ttgen A. Mendelian randomization as an approach to assess causality using observationa data [published online ahead of print August 2, 2016]. J Am Soc Nephrol.","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2016.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.1619"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2011.02403.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2795"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60312-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2011.02381.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60608-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2016.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb2210"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-13-1025"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)33462-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2797"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms10023"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gepi.21758"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2171753"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyq151"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09270"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/dds369"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwt084"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/REST_a_00011"}],"container-title":["Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/ATVBAHA.116.308393","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,12]],"date-time":"2024-05-12T23:16:51Z","timestamp":1715555811000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/ATVBAHA.116.308393"}},"subtitle":["Evidence From Genetic Epidemiological Studies"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/ATVBAHA.116.308393"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/atvbaha.116.308393","relation":{},"ISSN":["1079-5642","1524-4636"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1079-5642","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-4636","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-05-04","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-09-19","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-09-29","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}