{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T05:31:07Z","timestamp":1792042267507,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ATVB"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Objective\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Biomedical interest in brown adipose tissue (BAT) has increased since the discovery of functionally active BAT in adult humans. Although white adipose tissue (WAT) influences vascular function, vascular effects of BAT are elusive. Thus, we investigated the regulatory role and putative vasoprotective effects of BAT, focusing on hydrogen peroxide, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 (Nox4), and redox-sensitive signaling.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Approach and Results\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              Vascular reactivity was assessed in wild-type and Nox4-knockout mice (Nox4\n              <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n              ) by wire myography in the absence and presence of perivascular adipose tissue of different phenotypes from various adipose depots: (1) mixed WAT\/BAT (inguinal adipose tissue) and (2) WAT (epididymal visceral fat) and BAT (intrascapular fat). In wild-type mice, epididymal visceral fat and perivascular adipose tissue increased EC\n              <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n              to noradrenaline without affecting maximum contraction. BAT increased EC\n              <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n              and significantly decreased maximum contraction, which were prevented by a hydrogen peroxide scavenger (polyethylene glycated catalase) and a specific cyclic GMP\u2013dependent protein kinase G type-1\u03b1 inhibitor (DT-3), but not by inhibition of endothelial nitric oxide synthase or guanylate cyclase. BAT induced dimerization of cyclic GMP\u2013dependent protein kinase G type-1\u03b1 and reduced phosphorylation of myosin light chain phosphatase subunit 1 and myosin light chain 20. BAT from Nox4-knockout mice displayed reduced hydrogen peroxide levels and no anticontractile effects. Perivascular adipose tissue from \u03b2\n              <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n              agonist\u2013treated mice displayed browned perivascular adipose tissue and an increased anticontractile effect.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We identify a novel vasoprotective action of BAT through an anticontractile effect that is mechanistically different to WAT. Specifically, BAT, via Nox4-derived hydrogen peroxide, induces cyclic GMP\u2013dependent protein kinase G type-1\u03b1 activation, resulting in reduced vascular contractility. BAT may constitute an interesting therapeutic target to restore vascular function and prevent vascular complications in cardiovascular diseases.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/atvbaha.116.308659","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,23]],"date-time":"2016-12-23T03:19:07Z","timestamp":1482463147000},"page":"455-465","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Brown Adipose Tissue Regulates Small Artery Function Through NADPH Oxidase 4\u2013Derived Hydrogen Peroxide and Redox-Sensitive Protein Kinase G-1\u03b1"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Malou","family":"Friederich-Persson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aurelie","family":"Nguyen Dinh Cat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrik","family":"Persson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Augusto C.","family":"Montezano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rhian M.","family":"Touyz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10641969109042063"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.04.027"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.12157"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardiores.2007.05.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00697.2012"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2011.07.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e328324ed86"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.104489"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e32833c20d5"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e328330a900"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.res.0000054200.44505.ab"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00487.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardiores.2006.03.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0079245"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.114.303029"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.273.5272.245"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12013-013-9677-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvt229"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0810780"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0808949"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_22_2","first-page":"55","article-title":"Adipose tissue inflammation in obesity and metabolic syndrome.","volume":"8","author":"Nishimura S","year":"2009","unstructured":"Nishimura S, Manabe I, Nagai R. 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