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There is an emerging body of literature that implicates microvascular disease (MVD; ie, retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy) as a systemic phenomenon where diagnosis of MVD in one capillary bed implicates microvascular dysfunction systemically. MVD independently associates with lower limb outcomes, regardless of diabetic or PAD status. The presence of PAD and concomitant MVD phenotype reveal a synergistic, rather than simply additive, effect. The higher risk of amputation in patients with MVD, PAD, and concomitant MVD and PAD should prompt aggressive foot surveillance and diagnosis of both conditions to maintain ambulation and prevent amputation in older patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/atvbaha.119.312859","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,26]],"date-time":"2020-02-26T14:02:48Z","timestamp":1582725768000},"page":"534-540","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":86,"title":["Microvascular Disease Increases Amputation in Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Adam","family":"Behroozian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Cardiovascular Division, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua A.","family":"Beckman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Cardiovascular Division, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Ambulatory and inpatient procedures in the united states, 1996.","volume":"13","author":"Owings MF","year":"1998","unstructured":"Owings, MF, Kozak, LJ. 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