{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T01:01:14Z","timestamp":1792112474745,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ATVB"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>By binding to its high-affinity receptor Fc\u03b5R1, IgE activates mast cells, macrophages, and other inflammatory and vascular cells. Recent studies support an essential role of IgE in cardiometabolic diseases. Plasma IgE level is an independent predictor of human coronary heart disease. Yet, a direct role of IgE and its mechanisms in cardiometabolic diseases remain incompletely understood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Approach and Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Using atherosclerosis prone\n                      <jats:italic>Apoe<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                      mice and IgE-deficient\n                      <jats:italic>Ige<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                      mice, we demonstrated that IgE deficiency reduced atherosclerosis lesion burden, lesion lipid deposition, smooth muscle cell and endothelial cell contents, chemokine MCP (monocyte chemoattractant protein)-1 expression and macrophage accumulation. IgE deficiency also reduced bodyweight gain and increased glucose and insulin sensitivities with significantly reduced plasma cholesterol, triglyceride, insulin, and inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including IL (interleukin)-6, IFN (interferon)-\u03b3, and MCP-1. From atherosclerotic lesions and peritoneal macrophages from\n                      <jats:italic>Apoe<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                      <jats:italic>Ige<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                      mice that consumed an atherogenic diet, we detected reduced expression of M1 macrophage markers (CD68, MCP-1, TNF [tumor necrosis factor]-\u03b1, IL-6, and iNOS [inducible nitric oxide synthase]) but increased expression of M2 macrophage markers (Arg [arginase]-1 and IL-10) and macrophage-sterol-responsive-network molecules (complement C3, lipoprotein lipase, LDLR [low-density lipoprotein receptor]-related protein 1, and TFR [transferrin]) that suppress macrophage foam cell formation. These IgE activities can be reproduced in bone marrow-derived macrophages from wild-type mice, but muted in cells from Fc\u03b5R1-deficient mice, or blocked by anti-IgE antibody or complement C3 deficiency.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>IgE deficiency protects mice from diet-induced atherosclerosis, obesity, glucose tolerance, and insulin resistance by regulating macrophage polarization, macrophage-sterol-responsive-network gene expression, and foam cell formation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/atvbaha.119.313744","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,30]],"date-time":"2020-01-30T05:01:02Z","timestamp":1580360462000},"page":"597-610","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["IgE Contributes to Atherosclerosis and Obesity by Affecting Macrophage Polarization, Macrophage Protein Network, and Foam Cell Formation"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Xian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (X.Z., J.L., S.L., M.W., Q.H., Z.D., C.d.F., A.D., P.X.L., G.K.S., G.-P.S., J.G.)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (X.Z., J.L., S.L., M.W., Q.H., Z.D., C.d.F., A.D., P.X.L., G.K.S., G.-P.S., J.G.)"},{"name":"Department of Geriatrics, National Key Clinic Specialty, Guangzhou First People\u2019s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China (J.L.)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Songyuan","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (X.Z., J.L., S.L., M.W., Q.H., Z.D., C.d.F., A.D., P.X.L., G.K.S., G.-P.S., J.G.)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minjie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (X.Z., J.L., S.L., M.W., Q.H., Z.D., C.d.F., A.D., P.X.L., G.K.S., G.-P.S., J.G.)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (X.Z., J.L., S.L., M.W., Q.H., Z.D., C.d.F., A.D., P.X.L., G.K.S., G.-P.S., 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