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Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as a novel class of epigenetic regulators with critical roles in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and restenosis following vascular injury. Here, we provide an in-depth review of lncRNAs that regulate the development of atherosclerosis or contribute to the pathogenesis of restenosis following mechanical vascular injury. We describe the diverse array of intracellular mechanisms by which lncRNAs exert their regulatory effects. We highlight the utility and challenges of lncRNAs as biomarkers. Finally, we discuss the immense translational potential of lncRNAs and strategies for targeting them therapeutically using oligonucleotide-based therapeutics and novel gene therapy platforms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/atvbaha.120.314222","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,23]],"date-time":"2020-07-23T05:01:01Z","timestamp":1595480461000},"page":"2002-2017","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Long Noncoding RNAs in Atherosclerosis and Vascular Injury"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Jacob B.","family":"Pierce","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.B.P., M.W.F.)"},{"name":"Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (J.B.P.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark 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