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Thus, it is important to minimize the cardiotoxic effects of medications that are in use or in development. To this end, identifying patients at a higher risk of developing cardiovascular adverse effects for the drug of interest may be an effective strategy. The discovery of human induced pluripotent stem cells has enabled researchers to generate relevant cell types that retain a patient\u2019s own genome and examine patient-specific disease mechanisms, paving the way for precision medicine. Combined with the rapid development of pharmacogenomic analysis, the ability of induced pluripotent stem cell-derivatives to recapitulate patient-specific drug responses provides a powerful platform to identify subsets of patients who are particularly vulnerable to drug-induced cardiotoxicity. In this review, we will discuss the current use of patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells in identifying populations who are at risk to drug-induced cardiotoxicity and their potential applications in future precision medicine practice.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Graphic Abstract:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A graphic abstract is available for this article.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/atvbaha.120.314695","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,21]],"date-time":"2021-01-21T10:01:10Z","timestamp":1611223270000},"page":"1019-1031","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Clinical Trial in a Dish"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4565-9426","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chi Keung","family":"Lam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford Cardiovascular Institute (C.K.L., J.C.W.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA."},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (C.K.L., J.C.W.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA."},{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark (C.K.L.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6068-8041","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Joseph C.","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford Cardiovascular Institute (C.K.L., J.C.W.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA."},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (C.K.L., J.C.W.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA."},{"name":"Department of Radiology (J.C.W.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd4090"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-016-0553-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkv1075"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2006.07.024"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2016.36"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.116.013003"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pharmtox-010617-053110"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12265-012-9423-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehy388"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvz024"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/RES.0000000000000291"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2009.00395.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2010.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd.2015.34"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.118.311209"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/6067096"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09747"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.04.041"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12265-012-9416-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx394"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scr.2019.101502"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.119.315209"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2017.00766"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-48174-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2019.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/aps.2017.183"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2017.05.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vascn.2016.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2016.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_31_2","first-page":"567","article-title":"Anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity and the cardiac-sparing effect of liposomal formulation.","volume":"2","author":"Rahman AM","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rahman, AM, Yusuf, SW, Ewer, MS. 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