{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T02:34:39Z","timestamp":1785551679442,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ATVB"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>To determine whether baseline aortic stiffness, measured by aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV), relates to longitudinal cerebral gray or white matter changes among older adults. Baseline cardiac magnetic resonance imaging will be used to assess aortic PWV while brain magnetic resonance imaging will be used to assess gray matter and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volumes at baseline, 18 months, 3 years, 5 years, and 7 years.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Approach and Results:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              Aortic PWV (m\/s) was quantified from cardiac magnetic resonance. Multimodal 3T brain magnetic resonance imaging included\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>\n                <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">1<\/jats:italic>\n              <\/jats:sub>\n              -weighted imaging for quantifying gray matter volumes and\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>\n                <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">2<\/jats:italic>\n              <\/jats:sub>\n              -weighted fluid-attenuated inversion recovery imaging for quantifying WMHs. Mixed-effects regression models related baseline aortic PWV to longitudinal gray matter volumes (total, frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, hippocampal, and inferior lateral ventricle) and WMH volumes (total, frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital) adjusting for age, sex, race\/ethnicity, education, cognitive diagnosis, Framingham stroke risk profile,\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">APOE<\/jats:italic>\n              (apolipoprotein E)-\u03b54 carrier status, and intracranial volume. Two hundred seventy-eight participants (73\u00b17 years, 58% male, 87% self-identified as non-Hispanic White, 159 with normal cognition, and 119 with mild cognitive impairment) from the Vanderbilt Memory &amp; Aging Project (n=335) were followed on average for 4.9\u00b11.6 years with PWV measurements occurring from September 2012 to November 2014 and longitudinal brain magnetic resonance imaging measurements occurring from September 2012 to June 2021. Higher baseline aortic PWV was related to greater decrease in hippocampal (\u03b2=\u22123.6 [mm\n              <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n              \/y]\/[m\/s]; [95% CI, \u22127.2 to \u22120.02]\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.049) and occipital lobe (\u03b2=\u221234.2 [mm\n              <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n              \/y]\/[m\/s]; [95% CI, \u221267.8 to \u22120.55]\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.046) gray matter volume over time. Higher baseline aortic PWV was related to greater increase in WMH volume over time in the temporal lobe (\u03b2=17.0 [mm\n              <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n              \/y]\/[m\/s]; [95% CI, 7.2\u201326.9]\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.001). All associations may be driven by outliers.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In older adults, higher baseline aortic PWV related to greater decrease in gray matter volume and greater increase in WMHs over time. Because of unmet cerebral metabolic demands and microvascular remodeling, arterial stiffening may preferentially affect certain highly active brain regions like the temporal lobes. These same regions are affected early in the course of Alzheimer disease.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/atvbaha.121.316477","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,28]],"date-time":"2021-10-28T05:00:52Z","timestamp":1635397252000},"page":"3015-3024","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Elevated Aortic Pulse Wave Velocity Relates to Longitudinal Gray and White Matter Changes"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Corey W.","family":"Bown","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt Memory &amp; Alzheimer\u2019s Center (C.W.B., O.A.K., E.E.M., D.L., K.R.P., F.E.C., L.T.D., K.A.G., B.A.L., T.J.H., A.L.J.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9259-9086","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Omair A.","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt Memory &amp; Alzheimer\u2019s Center (C.W.B., O.A.K., E.E.M., D.L., K.R.P., F.E.C., L.T.D., K.A.G., B.A.L., T.J.H., A.L.J.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN."},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics (O.A.K., D.L.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth E.","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt Memory &amp; Alzheimer\u2019s Center (C.W.B., O.A.K., E.E.M., D.L., K.R.P., F.E.C., L.T.D., K.A.G., B.A.L., T.J.H., A.L.J.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7176-8346","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dandan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt Memory &amp; Alzheimer\u2019s Center (C.W.B., O.A.K., E.E.M., D.L., K.R.P., F.E.C., L.T.D., K.A.G., B.A.L., T.J.H., A.L.J.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN."},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics (O.A.K., D.L.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0596-8064","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kimberly R.","family":"Pechman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt Memory &amp; Alzheimer\u2019s Center (C.W.B., O.A.K., E.E.M., D.L., K.R.P., F.E.C., L.T.D., K.A.G., B.A.L., T.J.H., A.L.J.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN."},{"name":"Department of Neurology (K.R.P., L.T.D., K.A.G., T.J.H., A.L.J.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis E.","family":"Cambronero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt Memory &amp; Alzheimer\u2019s Center (C.W.B., O.A.K., E.E.M., D.L., K.R.P., F.E.C., L.T.D., K.A.G., B.A.L., T.J.H., A.L.J.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James G.","family":"Terry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences (J.G.T., S.N., L.T.D., B.A.L.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sangeeta","family":"Nair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences (J.G.T., S.N., L.T.D., B.A.L.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. Taylor","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt Memory &amp; Alzheimer\u2019s Center (C.W.B., O.A.K., E.E.M., D.L., K.R.P., F.E.C., L.T.D., K.A.G., B.A.L., T.J.H., A.L.J.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN."},{"name":"Department of Neurology (K.R.P., L.T.D., K.A.G., T.J.H., A.L.J.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN."},{"name":"Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences (J.G.T., S.N., L.T.D., B.A.L.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine A.","family":"Gifford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt Memory &amp; Alzheimer\u2019s Center (C.W.B., O.A.K., E.E.M., D.L., K.R.P., F.E.C., L.T.D., K.A.G., B.A.L., T.J.H., A.L.J.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN."},{"name":"Department of Neurology (K.R.P., L.T.D., K.A.G., T.J.H., A.L.J.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, 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