{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T05:13:52Z","timestamp":1755839632146,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ATVB"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Low birth weight is a known risk factor for adult coronary heart disease (CHD), but the additional effect of weight development during childhood and early adult life has not been studied.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We included 35\u2005659 men born 1945 to 1961 from the population-based BMI Epidemiology Study Gothenburg, with data available on birthweight, BMI in childhood (8 years), and BMI in young adulthood (20 years). Information on CHD diagnoses was retrieved from national registers. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate hazard ratios and 95% CIs for the risk of early and late CHD (before and after 58.4 years of age, respectively).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>During follow-up, a total of 3380 cases of CHD (fatal and nonfatal) were registered. Birth weight was inversely associated with the risk of both early (hazard ratio, 0.88 per SD increase [95% CI, 0.84\u20130.92]) and late (hazard ratio, 0.94 per SD increase [95% CI, 0.90\u20130.98]) CHD, independently of BMI at 8 years and BMI change during puberty. In a model including birth weight (below or above the median) together with overweight at 8 and 20 years, only birth weight and young adult overweight, but not overweight in childhood, were significantly associated with the risk of CHD. A birth weight below the median, followed by overweight at 20 years of age was associated with a more than doubled risk of early CHD (hazard ratio, 2.29 [95% CI, 1.86\u20132.81]), compared with the reference (birth weight above the median and normal weight at 20 years of age). This excess risk was even more pronounced for a birthweight below 2.5 kg.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We demonstrate that low birth weight and young adult overweight are important developmental markers of risk for adult CHD. These findings motivate a life course perspective for prevention and risk assessment of adult CHD.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/atvbaha.123.320095","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,16]],"date-time":"2023-11-16T05:00:35Z","timestamp":1700110835000},"page":"314-321","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Birth Weight, Childhood and Young Adult Overweight, and the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in Men"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7773-9231","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rebecka","family":"Bramsved","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences (R.B., S.M.), The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden."},{"name":"Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine (R.B., M.B., C.O., J.M.K.), The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0737-8642","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Maria","family":"Bygdell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine (R.B., M.B., C.O., J.M.K.), The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0366-1683","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jari","family":"Martikainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioinformatics and Data Centre (J.M.), The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Staffan","family":"M\u00e5rild","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences (R.B., S.M.), The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0673-3841","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ingela","family":"Lindh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences (I.L.), The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5409-6605","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Annika","family":"Rosengren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University, Sweden (A.R.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9633-2805","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Claes","family":"Ohlsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine (R.B., M.B., C.O., J.M.K.), The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden."},{"name":"Department of Drug Treatment, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region V\u00e4stra G\u00f6taland, Gothenburg, Sweden (C.O., J.M.K.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8437-0639","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jenny M.","family":"Kindblom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine (R.B., M.B., C.O., J.M.K.), The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden."},{"name":"Department of Drug Treatment, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region V\u00e4stra G\u00f6taland, Gothenburg, Sweden (C.O., J.M.K.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.11.010"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000973"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1614362"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.311.6998.171"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa072515"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(16)30273-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","volume-title":"Skolhygienens historia","author":"Herlitz CW","year":"1961","unstructured":"Herlitz, CW. 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