{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:29:33Z","timestamp":1791851373968,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]],"date-time":"2024-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722470400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ATVB"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              Vascular calcification is associated with increased mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease. Secondary calciprotein particles are believed to play a causal role in the pathophysiology of vascular calcification. The maturation time (T\n              <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n              ) of calciprotein particles provides a measure of serum calcification propensity. We compared T\n              <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n              between patients with ST-segment\u2013elevated myocardial infarction and control subjects and studied the association of T\n              <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n              with cardiovascular risk factors and outcome.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              T\n              <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n              was measured by nephelometry in 347 patients from the GIPS-III trial (Metabolic Modulation With Metformin to Reduce Heart Failure After Acute Myocardial Infarction: Glycometabolic Intervention as Adjunct to Primary Coronary Intervention in ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction: a Randomized Controlled Trial) and in 254 matched general population controls from PREVEND (Prevention of Renal and Vascular End-Stage Disease). We also assessed the association between T\n              <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n              and left ventricular ejection fraction, as well as infarct size, the incidence of ischemia-driven reintervention during 5 years of follow-up, and serum nitrite as a marker of endothelial dysfunction.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              Patients with ST-segment\u2013elevated myocardial infarction had a significantly lower T\n              <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n              (ie, higher serum calcification propensity) compared with controls (T\n              <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n              : 289\u00b163 versus 338\u00b156 minutes;\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.001). In patients with ST-segment\u2013elevated myocardial infarction, lower T\n              <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n              was associated with female sex, lower systolic blood pressure, lower total cholesterol, lower LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol, lower triglycerides, and higher HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol but not with circulating nitrite or nitrate. Ischemia-driven reintervention was associated with higher LDL (\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.03) and had a significant interaction term for T\n              <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n              and sex (\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.005), indicating a correlation between ischemia-driven reintervention and T\n              <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n              above the median in men and below the median in women, between 150 days and 5 years of follow-up.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              Serum calcification propensity is increased in patients with ST-segment\u2013elevated myocardial infarction compared with the general population, and its contribution is more pronounced in women than in men. Its lack of\/inverse association with nitrite and blood pressure confirms T\n              <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n              to be orthogonal to traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors. Lower T\n              <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n              was associated with a more favorable serum lipid profile, suggesting the involvement of divergent pathways of calcification stress and lipid stress in the pathophysiology of myocardial infarction.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/atvbaha.124.320974","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,20]],"date-time":"2024-06-20T09:00:32Z","timestamp":1718874032000},"page":"1884-1894","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Serum Calcification Propensity Is Increased in Myocardial Infarction and Hints at a Pathophysiological Role Independent of Classical Cardiovascular Risk Factors"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1270-5684","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rik","family":"Mencke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology (R.M., H.v.G., J.L.H.), University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0385-9710","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lawien","family":"Al Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology (L.A.A., M.-S.L.Y.d.K., D.J.v.V., P.v.d.H., E.L.), University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9842-4861","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marie-Sophie L.Y.","family":"de Koning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology (L.A.A., M.-S.L.Y.d.K., D.J.v.V., P.v.d.H., E.L.), University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7439-0748","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andreas","family":"Pasch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Calciscon AG, Biel, Switzerland (A.P.)."},{"name":"Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria (A.P.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9239-5764","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Magdalena","family":"Minnion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom (M.M., M.F.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2320-1158","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Martin","family":"Feelisch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom (M.M., M.F.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1611-7935","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dirk J.","family":"van Veldhuisen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology (L.A.A., M.-S.L.Y.d.K., D.J.v.V., P.v.d.H., E.L.), University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3891-8522","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Iwan C.C.","family":"van der Horst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care, Maastricht UMC+, the Netherlands (I.C.C.v.d.H.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ron T.","family":"Gansevoort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (R.T.G., S.J.L.B., M.H.d.B.), University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3356-6791","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Stephan J.L.","family":"Bakker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (R.T.G., S.J.L.B., M.H.d.B.), University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin H.","family":"de Borst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (R.T.G., S.J.L.B., M.H.d.B.), University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6670-1577","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Harry","family":"van Goor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology (R.M., H.v.G., J.L.H.), University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2713-686X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Pim","family":"van der Harst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology (L.A.A., M.-S.L.Y.d.K., D.J.v.V., P.v.d.H., E.L.), University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands."},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Division Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (P.v.d.H.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7407-3064","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Erik","family":"Lipsic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology (L.A.A., M.-S.L.Y.d.K., D.J.v.V., P.v.d.H., E.L.), University Medical Center Groningen, the 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