{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T13:29:18Z","timestamp":1791638958555,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ATVB"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to explore the association between the amount of carotid artery perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) quantified by magnetic resonance imaging and prior cerebral infarction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 139 patients (mean age, 64.4\u00b18.2 years; 112 men) with moderate-to-severe atherosclerotic stenosis referred to carotid endarterectomy were included and underwent multicontrast magnetic resonance vessel wall and brain imaging. The amount of carotid artery PVAT with vulnerable plaque components on magnetic resonance images of each patient was quantitatively analyzed, and the measurements included the average PVAT area, PVAT area index, and PVAT volume index. The amount measurements of PVAT at slices with vulnerable plaque between patients with and without prior cerebral infarction were compared. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the association between the amount measurements of PVAT and prior cerebral infarction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Patients with prior cerebral infarction showed significantly higher PVAT area, PVAT area index, and PVAT volume index compared with those without (all\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.01). The carotid PVAT area (odds ratio [OR], 1.015 [95% CI, 1.003\u20131.028];\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.018), PVAT area index (OR, 2.051 [95% CI, 1.084\u20133.880];\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.027), and PVAT volume index (OR, 2.864 [95% CI, 1.343\u20136.108];\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.006) on the index side were significantly associated with prior cerebral infarction in univariate logistic regression. After adjusting for clinical confounding factors and plaque features, the associations between carotid PVAT area (OR, 1.028 [95% CI, 1.008\u20131.048];\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.006), PVAT area index (OR, 3.587 [95% CI, 1.451\u20138.870];\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.006), and PVAT volume index (OR, 6.053 [95% CI, 2.048\u201317.889];\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.001) and prior cerebral infarction remained statistically significant.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The amount of PVAT in carotid artery with vulnerable plaques is independently associated with prior cerebral infarction and may, therefore, be related to the occurrence of ischemic stroke.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/atvbaha.125.322687","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,5]],"date-time":"2025-06-05T05:00:35Z","timestamp":1749099635000},"page":"1440-1447","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Association Between the Amount of Carotid Perivascular Adipose Tissue and Prior Ischemic Stroke: An MR Imaging Study"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2403-8527","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shuwan","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China (S.Y., N.X., X.Z.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ran","family":"Huo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China (R.H., H.X., D.M., Y.L.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueyi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, China (X.C.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7707-7995","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xiaowei","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, China (X.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2688-6893","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Huiyu","family":"Qiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (H.Q.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9692-1976","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zihan","family":"Ning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Perinatal Imaging and Health, King\u2019s College London, United Kingdom (Z.N.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huimin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China (R.H., H.X., D.M., Y.L.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dandan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, China (D.Y.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Decheng","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China (R.H., H.X., D.M., Y.L.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-5748-2037","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ning","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China (S.Y., N.X., X.Z.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9462-7768","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zixuan","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering &amp; 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