{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T22:27:11Z","timestamp":1761863231520},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circ: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The relative contribution of electromechanical synchronization and ventricular filling to the optimal hemodynamic effect in cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) during adjustment of stimulation-timings is incompletely understood. We investigated whether optimal hemodynamic effect in CRT requires collision of pacing-induced and intrinsic activation waves and optimal filling of the left ventricle (LV).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              CRT was performed in dogs with chronic left bundle\u2013branch block (n=8) or atrioventricular (AV) block (n=6) through atrial (A), right ventricular (RV) apex, and LV-basolateral pacing. A 100 randomized combinations of A-LV\/A-RV intervals were tested. Total activation time (TAT) was calculated from &gt;100 contact mapping electrodes. Mechanical interventricular dyssynchrony was determined as the time delay between upslopes of LV and RV pressure curves. Settings providing an increase in LVdP\/dt\n              <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\n              (maximal rate of rise of left ventricular pressure) of \u226590% of the maximum LVdP\/dt\n              <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\n              value were defined as optimal (CRT\n              <jats:sub>opt<\/jats:sub>\n              ). Filling was assessed by changes in LV end-diastolic volume (EDV; conductance catheter technique). In all hearts, CRT\n              <jats:sub>opt<\/jats:sub>\n              was observed during multiple settings, providing an average LVdP\/dt\n              <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\n              increase of \u224815%. In AV-block hearts, CRT\n              <jats:sub>opt<\/jats:sub>\n              exclusively depended on interventricular-interval and not on AV-interval. In left bundle\u2013branch block hearts, CRT\n              <jats:sub>opt<\/jats:sub>\n              occurred at A-LV intervals that allowed fusion of LV-pacing\u2013derived activation with right bundle\u2013derived activation. In all animals, CRT\n              <jats:sub>opt<\/jats:sub>\n              occurred at settings resulting in the largest decrease in TAT and mechanical interventricular dyssynchrony, whereas LV EDV hardly changed.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In left bundle\u2013branch block and AV-block hearts, optimal hemodynamic effect of CRT depends on optimal interplay between pacing-induced and intrinsic activation waves and the corresponding mechanical resynchronization rather than filling.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/circep.113.000753","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,19]],"date-time":"2013-09-19T09:03:30Z","timestamp":1379581410000},"page":"924-931","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Interplay of Electrical Wavefronts as Determinant of the Response to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Dyssynchronous Canine Hearts"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Marc","family":"Strik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.S., L.B.v.M., P.H., S.P., A.v.H., M.K., F.W.P.); and Division of Cardiology, Fondazione, Cardiocentro Ticino, Lugano, Switzerland (A.A.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lars B.","family":"van Middendorp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.S., L.B.v.M., P.H., S.P., A.v.H., M.K., F.W.P.); and Division of Cardiology, Fondazione, Cardiocentro Ticino, Lugano, Switzerland (A.A.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Houthuizen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.S., L.B.v.M., P.H., S.P., A.v.H., M.K., F.W.P.); and Division of Cardiology, Fondazione, Cardiocentro Ticino, Lugano, Switzerland (A.A.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sylvain","family":"Ploux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.S., L.B.v.M., P.H., S.P., A.v.H., M.K., F.W.P.); and Division of Cardiology, Fondazione, Cardiocentro Ticino, Lugano, Switzerland (A.A.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arne","family":"van Hunnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.S., L.B.v.M., P.H., S.P., A.v.H., M.K., F.W.P.); and Division of Cardiology, Fondazione, Cardiocentro Ticino, Lugano, Switzerland (A.A.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marion","family":"Kuiper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.S., L.B.v.M., P.H., S.P., A.v.H., M.K., F.W.P.); and Division of Cardiology, Fondazione, Cardiocentro Ticino, Lugano, Switzerland (A.A.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angelo","family":"Auricchio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.S., L.B.v.M., P.H., S.P., A.v.H., M.K., F.W.P.); and Division of Cardiology, Fondazione, Cardiocentro Ticino, Lugano, Switzerland (A.A.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frits W.","family":"Prinzen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.S., L.B.v.M., P.H., S.P., A.v.H., M.K., F.W.P.); and Division of Cardiology, Fondazione, Cardiocentro Ticino, Lugano, Switzerland (A.A.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa013168"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1540-8167.2005.40777.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euq348"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2012.09.097"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.992552"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1210356"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12265-011-9336-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehi008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.111.965814"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circep.109.882910"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1979.10481038"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2006.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.105.540435"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00641.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2013.04.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euq167"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eum287"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfs190"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hft009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12265-012-9351-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eup378"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.02.098"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2012.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfr094"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circep.109.931865"}],"container-title":["Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/CIRCEP.113.000753","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T00:05:32Z","timestamp":1715558732000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/CIRCEP.113.000753"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/CIRCEP.113.000753"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/circep.113.000753","relation":{},"ISSN":["1941-3149","1941-3084"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1941-3149","type":"print"},{"value":"1941-3084","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2013-04-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-09-11","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-09-18","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}