{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T09:46:44Z","timestamp":1790329604109,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circ: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This study compared generalized complex fractionated atrial electrograms (CFAE) ablation versus a selective CFAE ablation strategy targeting areas of continuous electric activity.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              Subjects with symptomatic, persistent\/high-burden paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) were enrolled at 6 centers (n=86) and randomized to 1 of 2 arms. For group I, all CFAE regions with an interval confidence level &gt;7 were ablated followed by pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). For group II, only CFAE sites with continuous electric activity were ablated followed by PVI. For PVI, all 4 PV antra were isolated with confirmed entrance block. Subjects were followed for 1 year with a visit, ECG, and 48-hour Holter every 3 months. Symptoms were confirmed by loop recording. The primary end point was freedom from arrhythmia &gt;30 seconds at 1 year. For both group I and II, CFAE ablation prolonged AF cycle length (25\u00b133 versus 23\u00b133 ms;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.78) and resulted in similar rates of AF termination (37% versus 28%;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.42). Radiofrequency duration during CFAE ablation was significantly less in group II (23\u00b120 versus 38\u00b120 minutes;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.002). At 1-year follow-up, freedom from AF\/atrial flutter\/atrial tachycardia recurrence was significantly higher in group I versus group II after 1 procedure (50% versus 28%;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.03). There were also significantly fewer repeat procedures in group I (13% versus 36%;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.021).\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Continuous electric activity ablation+PVI result in a similar incidence of acute AF termination with significantly less radiofrequency time. However, incidence of repeat procedures and long-term recurrence of AF\/atrial flutter\/atrial tachycardia are significantly lower using generalized CFAE ablation+PVI.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Clinical Trial Registration\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              URL:\n              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.clinicaltrials.gov\">http:\/\/www.clinicaltrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n              . Unique identifier: NCT00926783\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/circep.113.000890","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,15]],"date-time":"2014-01-15T06:11:20Z","timestamp":1389766280000},"page":"55-62","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Selective Complex Fractionated Atrial Electrograms Targeting for Atrial Fibrillation Study (SELECT AF)"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Atul","family":"Verma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Southlake Regional Health Centre, Newmarket, Ontario, Canada (A.V.); Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia (P.S.); Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia (P.S.); Institut de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Laval, Quebec City, Canada (J.C.); Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (L.M.); Hamilton Health Sciences Centre, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (G.M.N.); Johns Hopkins University Hospital,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prashanthan","family":"Sanders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Southlake Regional Health Centre, Newmarket, Ontario, Canada (A.V.); Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia (P.S.); Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia (P.S.); Institut de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Laval, Quebec City, Canada (J.C.); Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (L.M.); Hamilton Health Sciences Centre, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (G.M.N.); Johns Hopkins University Hospital,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"Champagne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Southlake Regional Health Centre, Newmarket, Ontario, Canada (A.V.); Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia (P.S.); Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia (P.S.); Institut de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Laval, Quebec City, Canada (J.C.); Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (L.M.); Hamilton Health Sciences Centre, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (G.M.N.); Johns Hopkins University Hospital,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurent","family":"Macle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Southlake Regional Health Centre, Newmarket, Ontario, Canada (A.V.); Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia (P.S.); Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia (P.S.); Institut de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Laval, Quebec City, Canada (J.C.); Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (L.M.); Hamilton Health Sciences Centre, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (G.M.N.); Johns Hopkins University Hospital,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Girish M.","family":"Nair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Southlake Regional Health Centre, Newmarket, Ontario, Canada (A.V.); Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia (P.S.); Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia (P.S.); Institut de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Laval, Quebec City, Canada (J.C.); Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (L.M.); Hamilton Health Sciences Centre, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (G.M.N.); Johns Hopkins University Hospital,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugh","family":"Calkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Southlake Regional Health Centre, Newmarket, Ontario, Canada (A.V.); Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia (P.S.); Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia (P.S.); Institut de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Laval, Quebec City, Canada (J.C.); Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (L.M.); Hamilton Health Sciences Centre, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (G.M.N.); Johns Hopkins University Hospital,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"Wilber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Southlake Regional Health Centre, Newmarket, Ontario, Canada (A.V.); Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia (P.S.); Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia (P.S.); Institut de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Laval, Quebec City, Canada (J.C.); Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (L.M.); Hamilton Health Sciences Centre, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (G.M.N.); Johns Hopkins University Hospital,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.95.5.1231"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.91.5.1588"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2007.00976.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2003.12.054"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2007.09.027"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2007.04.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.10.056"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2010.01959.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.11.054"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2008.01189.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2007.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehq041"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.293.21.2634"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.105.575340"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2007.08.053"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10840-006-9045-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2006.00673.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2011.02.033"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2011.02010.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2008.10.046"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2009.01671.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2010.06.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2011.02128.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2008.01148.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","first-page":"S400","article-title":"Reproducibility of two different algorithms for electrogram fractionation during atrial fibrillation [abstract].","volume":"7","author":"Vasaiwala SC","year":"2010","unstructured":"Vasaiwala SC, Brysiewicz N, Dauber K, Johnston S, Bar-Tal M, Hayam G, Rubinstein V, Wilber DJ. 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