{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T05:35:30Z","timestamp":1781069730518,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circ: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The causes of increased risk of sudden cardiac death in schizophrenia are not resolved. We aimed to establish (1) whether ECG markers of sudden cardiac death risk, in particular Brugada-ECG pattern, are more prevalent among patients with schizophrenia, and (2) whether increased prevalence of these ECG markers in schizophrenia is explained by confounding factors, notably sodium channel\u2013blocking medication.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              In a cross-sectional study, we analyzed ECGs of a cohort of 275 patients with schizophrenia, along with medication use. We determined whether Brugada-ECG was present and assessed standard ECG measures (heart rate, PQ-, QRS-, and QT-intervals). We compared the findings with nonschizophrenic individuals of comparable age (the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety [NESDA] cohort; N=179) and, to account for assumed increased aging rate in schizophrenia, with individuals 20 years older (Hoorn cohort; n=1168), using multivariate regression models. Brugada-ECG was significantly more prevalent in the schizophrenia cohort (11.6%) compared with NESDA controls (1.1%) or Hoorn controls (2.4%). Moreover, patients with schizophrenia had longer QT-intervals (410.9 versus 393.1 and 401.9 ms; both\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.05), increased proportion of mild or severe QTc prolongation (13.1% and 5.8% versus 3.4% and 0.0% [NESDA], versus 5.1 and 2.8% [Hoorn]), and higher heart rates (80.8 versus 61.7 and 68.0 beats per minute; both\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.05). The prevalence of Brugada-ECG was still increased (9.6%) when patients with schizophrenia without sodium channel\u2013blocking medication were compared with either of the control cohorts.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Brugada-ECG has increased prevalence among patients with schizophrenia. This association is not explained by the use of sodium channel\u2013blocking medication.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/circep.113.000927","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,4]],"date-time":"2014-03-04T05:33:55Z","timestamp":1393911235000},"page":"384-391","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Brugada Syndrome ECG Is Highly Prevalent in Schizophrenia"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Marieke T.","family":"Blom","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Heart Center (M.T.B., H.L.T.) and Department of Cardiology (H.L.T.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Community Mental Health, Mental Health Care North Holland North, Heerhugowaard, the Netherlands (D.C.); Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.C.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.S., B.W.J.H.P., J.M.D.), Department of Psychiatry (A.S., B.W.J.H.P.), EMGO..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Heart Center (M.T.B., H.L.T.) and Department of Cardiology (H.L.T.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Community Mental Health, Mental Health Care North Holland North, Heerhugowaard, the Netherlands (D.C.); Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.C.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.S., B.W.J.H.P., J.M.D.), Department of Psychiatry (A.S., B.W.J.H.P.), EMGO..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrie","family":"Seldenrijk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Heart Center (M.T.B., H.L.T.) and Department of Cardiology (H.L.T.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Community Mental Health, Mental Health Care North Holland North, Heerhugowaard, the Netherlands (D.C.); Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.C.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.S., B.W.J.H.P., J.M.D.), Department of Psychiatry (A.S., B.W.J.H.P.), EMGO..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brenda W.J.H.","family":"Penninx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Heart Center (M.T.B., H.L.T.) and Department of Cardiology (H.L.T.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Community Mental Health, Mental Health Care North Holland North, Heerhugowaard, the Netherlands (D.C.); Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.C.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.S., B.W.J.H.P., J.M.D.), Department of Psychiatry (A.S., B.W.J.H.P.), EMGO..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giel","family":"Nijpels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Heart Center (M.T.B., H.L.T.) and Department of Cardiology (H.L.T.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Community Mental Health, Mental Health Care North Holland North, Heerhugowaard, the Netherlands (D.C.); Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.C.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.S., B.W.J.H.P., J.M.D.), Department of Psychiatry (A.S., B.W.J.H.P.), EMGO..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Coen D.A.","family":"Stehouwer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Heart Center (M.T.B., H.L.T.) and Department of Cardiology (H.L.T.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Community Mental Health, Mental Health Care North Holland North, Heerhugowaard, the Netherlands (D.C.); Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.C.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.S., B.W.J.H.P., J.M.D.), Department of Psychiatry (A.S., B.W.J.H.P.), EMGO..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline M.","family":"Dekker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Heart Center (M.T.B., H.L.T.) and Department of Cardiology (H.L.T.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Community Mental Health, Mental Health Care North Holland North, Heerhugowaard, the Netherlands (D.C.); Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.C.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.S., B.W.J.H.P., J.M.D.), Department of Psychiatry (A.S., B.W.J.H.P.), EMGO..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanno L.","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Heart Center (M.T.B., H.L.T.) and Department of Cardiology (H.L.T.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Community Mental Health, Mental Health Care North Holland North, Heerhugowaard, the Netherlands (D.C.); Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.C.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.S., B.W.J.H.P., J.M.D.), Department of Psychiatry (A.S., B.W.J.H.P.), EMGO..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60742-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.64.10.1123"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2051-5545.2011.tb00014.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.176.5.405"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08039480801959323"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2005.09.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2012.00076"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0806994"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200262110-00006"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000034169.45752.4A"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mpr.256"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15622975.2011.583942"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbm140"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbr026"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.285.16.2109"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","volume-title":"Points to Consider: The Assessment of the Potential for QT Interval Prolongation by Non-Cardiovascular Medicinal Products","author":"Committee for Proprietary Medicinal Products","year":"1997","unstructured":"Committee for Proprietary Medicinal Products. 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