{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T02:08:47Z","timestamp":1783476527963,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circ: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              The transmural distribution of apamin-sensitive small conductance Ca\n              <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n              -activated K\n              <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n              (SK) current (\n              <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>KAS<\/jats:sub>\n              ) in failing human ventricles remains unclear.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              We optically mapped left ventricular wedge preparations from 12 failing native hearts and 2 rejected cardiac allografts explanted during transplant surgery. We determined transmural action potential duration (APD) before and after 100 nmol\/L apamin administration in all wedges and after sequential administration of apamin, chromanol, and E4031 in 4 wedges. Apamin prolonged APD from 363 ms (95% confidence interval [CI], 341\u2013385) to 409 (95% CI, 385\u2013434;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.001) in all hearts, and reduced the transmural conduction velocity from 36 cm\/s (95% CI, 30\u201342) to 32 cm\/s (95% CI, 27\u201337;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.001) in 12 native failing hearts at 1000 ms pacing cycle length (PCL). The percent APD prolongation is negatively correlated with baseline APD and positively correlated with PCL. Only 1 wedge had M-cell islands. The percentages of APD prolongation in the last 4 hearts at 2000 ms PCL after apamin, chromanol, and E4031 were 9.1% (95% CI, 3.9\u201314.2), 17.3% (95% CI, 3.1\u201331.5), and 35.9% (95% CI, 15.7\u201356.1), respectively. Immunohistochemical staining of subtype 2 of SK protein showed increased expression in intercalated discs of myocytes.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              SK current is important in the transmural repolarization in failing human ventricles. The magnitude of\n              <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>KAS<\/jats:sub>\n              is positively correlated with the PCL, but negatively correlated with APD when PCL is fixed. There is abundant subtype 2 of SK protein in the intercalated discs of myocytes.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/circep.114.002296","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,24]],"date-time":"2015-04-24T03:01:55Z","timestamp":1429844515000},"page":"667-676","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Small Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Current Is Important in Transmural Repolarization of Failing Human Ventricles"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Chih-Chieh","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Krannert Institute of Cardiology (C.-C.Y., C.C., R.S., M.Y., I.B.R., S.S., Z.C., S.-F.L., J.C.L., P.-S.C.) and Department of Biostatistics (C.S.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-C.Y.); Fairbanks School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis (C.S.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Corr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Krannert Institute of Cardiology (C.-C.Y., C.C., R.S., M.Y., I.B.R., S.S., Z.C., S.-F.L., J.C.L., P.-S.C.) and Department of Biostatistics (C.S.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-C.Y.); Fairbanks School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis (C.S.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changyu","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Krannert Institute of Cardiology (C.-C.Y., C.C., R.S., M.Y., I.B.R., S.S., Z.C., S.-F.L., J.C.L., P.-S.C.) and Department of Biostatistics (C.S.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-C.Y.); Fairbanks School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis (C.S.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Shelton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Krannert Institute of Cardiology (C.-C.Y., C.C., R.S., M.Y., I.B.R., S.S., Z.C., S.-F.L., J.C.L., P.-S.C.) and Department of Biostatistics (C.S.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-C.Y.); Fairbanks School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis (C.S.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mrinal","family":"Yadava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Krannert Institute of Cardiology (C.-C.Y., C.C., R.S., M.Y., I.B.R., S.S., Z.C., S.-F.L., J.C.L., P.-S.C.) and Department of Biostatistics (C.S.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-C.Y.); Fairbanks School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis (C.S.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isaac B.","family":"Rhea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Krannert Institute of Cardiology (C.-C.Y., C.C., R.S., M.Y., I.B.R., S.S., Z.C., S.-F.L., J.C.L., P.-S.C.) and Department of Biostatistics (C.S.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-C.Y.); Fairbanks School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis (C.S.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Straka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Krannert Institute of Cardiology (C.-C.Y., C.C., R.S., M.Y., I.B.R., S.S., Z.C., S.-F.L., J.C.L., P.-S.C.) and Department of Biostatistics (C.S.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-C.Y.); Fairbanks School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis (C.S.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael C.","family":"Fishbein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Krannert Institute of Cardiology (C.-C.Y., C.C., R.S., M.Y., I.B.R., S.S., Z.C., S.-F.L., J.C.L., P.-S.C.) and Department of Biostatistics (C.S.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-C.Y.); Fairbanks School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis (C.S.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenhui","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Krannert Institute of Cardiology (C.-C.Y., C.C., R.S., M.Y., I.B.R., S.S., Z.C., S.-F.L., J.C.L., P.-S.C.) and Department of Biostatistics (C.S.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-C.Y.); Fairbanks School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis (C.S.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shien-Fong","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Krannert Institute of Cardiology (C.-C.Y., C.C., R.S., M.Y., I.B.R., S.S., Z.C., S.-F.L., J.C.L., P.-S.C.) and Department of Biostatistics (C.S.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-C.Y.); Fairbanks School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis (C.S.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John C.","family":"Lopshire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Krannert Institute of Cardiology (C.-C.Y., C.C., R.S., M.Y., I.B.R., S.S., Z.C., S.-F.L., J.C.L., P.-S.C.) and Department of Biostatistics (C.S.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-C.Y.); Fairbanks School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis (C.S.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng-Sheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Krannert Institute of Cardiology (C.-C.Y., C.C., R.S., M.Y., I.B.R., S.S., Z.C., S.-F.L., J.C.L., P.-S.C.) and Department of Biostatistics (C.S.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-C.Y.); Fairbanks School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis (C.S.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HCO.0b013e328333d3d6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00014.2006"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.273.5282.1709"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2832"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-020911-153336"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0096691"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M307508200"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.109.215269"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.107.161778"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2009.07.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2013.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.110.238386"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.112.004713"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.111.000152"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0108824"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.12176"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00820.2011"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.109.204891"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2013.01.029"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0070450"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.989707"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.98.18.1921"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00518.2010"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.81.2.686"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.109.216226"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.113.301514"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvt269"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00534.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1110724108"}],"container-title":["Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/CIRCEP.114.002296","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T00:06:41Z","timestamp":1715558801000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/CIRCEP.114.002296"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/CIRCEP.114.002296"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/circep.114.002296","relation":{},"ISSN":["1941-3149","1941-3084"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1941-3149","type":"print"},{"value":"1941-3084","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2014-06-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-04-13","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-04-23","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}