{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T08:52:48Z","timestamp":1789203168423,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circ: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background\u2014<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data regarding the freedom from atrial fibrillation (AF) in the follow-up of persistent AF patients is limited. The second-generation cryoballoon has better cooling properties compared with first-generation cryoballon. In this study, we aimed to assess the medium-term efficacy of second-generation cryoballoon in patients with persistent AF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Results\u2014<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 100 patients (63\u00b110 years, 80% male) with symptomatic persistent AF, despite \u22651 antiarrhythmic drug(s), who were scheduled for pulmonary vein isolation using second-generation cryoballoon were enrolled in this study. Follow-up was based on outpatient clinic visits, including Holter ECGs. Recurrence was defined as a symptomatic or documented arrhythmia episode of &gt;30 seconds excluding a 3-month blanking period. As a result, 393 pulmonary veins (7 patients with common ostium) were successfully isolated. Mean procedural and fluoroscopy times were 96.2\u00b121.3 and 19.7\u00b16.7 minutes, respectively. Phrenic nerve palsy occurred in 3% (3\/100) of the patients. At a mean follow-up duration of 10.6\u00b16.3 months, 67% of the patients were in sinus rhythm. Stepwise multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed that early AF recurrence (hazard ratio 3.83, 95% confidence interval 1.91\u20137.68,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001) was the only independent predictor for late AF recurrence apart from other clinical and echocardiographic variables.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions\u2014<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings indicated that second-generation cryoballoon use is associated with favorable outcomes in patients with persistent AF. Recurrence at blanking period was the only predictor of long-term AF recurrence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/circep.115.002776","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,18]],"date-time":"2015-08-18T23:38:43Z","timestamp":1439941123000},"page":"1073-1079","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["Cryoballoon Ablation for Pulmonary Vein Isolation in Patients With Persistent Atrial Fibrillation"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Buelent","family":"Koektuerk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology &amp; Electrophysiology (B.K., H.Y., C.H.T., A.D., A.Y., E.G., C.H., R.G.T., M.H.), and Department of Radiology, Witten\/Herdecke University, Krankenhaus Porz am Rhein, Cologne, Germany (P.M.B.); and Klinikum L\u00fcdenscheid Clinic of Internal Medicine, L\u00fcdenscheid, Germany (O.H.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hikmet","family":"Yorgun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology &amp; Electrophysiology (B.K., H.Y., C.H.T., A.D., A.Y., E.G., C.H., R.G.T., M.H.), and Department of Radiology, Witten\/Herdecke University, Krankenhaus Porz am Rhein, Cologne, Germany (P.M.B.); and Klinikum L\u00fcdenscheid Clinic of Internal Medicine, L\u00fcdenscheid, Germany (O.H.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oezlem","family":"Hengeoez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology &amp; Electrophysiology (B.K., H.Y., C.H.T., A.D., A.Y., E.G., C.H., R.G.T., M.H.), and Department of Radiology, Witten\/Herdecke University, Krankenhaus Porz am Rhein, Cologne, Germany (P.M.B.); and Klinikum L\u00fcdenscheid Clinic of Internal Medicine, L\u00fcdenscheid, Germany (O.H.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cem H.","family":"Turan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology &amp; Electrophysiology (B.K., H.Y., C.H.T., A.D., A.Y., E.G., C.H., R.G.T., M.H.), and Department of Radiology, Witten\/Herdecke University, Krankenhaus Porz am Rhein, Cologne, Germany (P.M.B.); and Klinikum L\u00fcdenscheid Clinic of Internal Medicine, L\u00fcdenscheid, Germany (O.H.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alina","family":"Dahmen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology &amp; Electrophysiology (B.K., H.Y., C.H.T., A.D., A.Y., E.G., C.H., R.G.T., M.H.), and Department of Radiology, Witten\/Herdecke University, Krankenhaus Porz am Rhein, Cologne, Germany (P.M.B.); and Klinikum L\u00fcdenscheid Clinic of Internal Medicine, L\u00fcdenscheid, Germany (O.H.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology &amp; Electrophysiology (B.K., H.Y., C.H.T., A.D., A.Y., E.G., C.H., R.G.T., M.H.), and Department of Radiology, Witten\/Herdecke University, Krankenhaus Porz am Rhein, Cologne, Germany (P.M.B.); and Klinikum L\u00fcdenscheid Clinic of Internal Medicine, L\u00fcdenscheid, Germany (O.H.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul M.","family":"Bansmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology &amp; Electrophysiology (B.K., H.Y., C.H.T., A.D., A.Y., E.G., C.H., R.G.T., M.H.), and Department of Radiology, Witten\/Herdecke University, Krankenhaus Porz am Rhein, Cologne, Germany (P.M.B.); and Klinikum L\u00fcdenscheid Clinic of Internal Medicine, L\u00fcdenscheid, Germany (O.H.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduard","family":"Gorr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology &amp; Electrophysiology (B.K., H.Y., C.H.T., A.D., A.Y., E.G., C.H., R.G.T., M.H.), and Department of Radiology, Witten\/Herdecke University, Krankenhaus Porz am Rhein, Cologne, Germany (P.M.B.); and Klinikum L\u00fcdenscheid Clinic of Internal Medicine, L\u00fcdenscheid, Germany (O.H.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Hoppe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology &amp; Electrophysiology (B.K., H.Y., C.H.T., A.D., A.Y., E.G., C.H., R.G.T., M.H.), and Department of Radiology, Witten\/Herdecke University, Krankenhaus Porz am Rhein, Cologne, Germany (P.M.B.); and Klinikum L\u00fcdenscheid Clinic of Internal Medicine, L\u00fcdenscheid, Germany (O.H.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramazan G.","family":"Turan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology &amp; Electrophysiology (B.K., H.Y., C.H.T., A.D., A.Y., E.G., C.H., R.G.T., M.H.), and Department of Radiology, Witten\/Herdecke University, Krankenhaus Porz am Rhein, Cologne, Germany (P.M.B.); and Klinikum L\u00fcdenscheid Clinic of Internal Medicine, L\u00fcdenscheid, Germany (O.H.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Horlitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology &amp; Electrophysiology (B.K., H.Y., C.H.T., A.D., A.Y., E.G., C.H., R.G.T., M.H.), and Department of Radiology, Witten\/Herdecke University, Krankenhaus Porz am Rhein, Cologne, Germany (P.M.B.); and Klinikum L\u00fcdenscheid Clinic of Internal Medicine, L\u00fcdenscheid, Germany (O.H.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2010.01944.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.114.001473"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euu273"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.12082"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.12409"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2014.09.063"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eus027"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118548387","volume-title":"Applied Logistic Regression","author":"Hosmer DW","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hosmer DW, Lemeshow S, Sturdivant RX. 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