{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T17:44:39Z","timestamp":1771263879913,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circ: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The etiopathogenesis of electrocardiographic bundle branch and atrioventricular blocks is not fully understood. We investigated familial clustering of cardiac conduction defects and pacemaker insertion in the FHS (Framingham Heart Study). Additionally, we assessed familial clustering of pacemaker insertion in the Danish general population.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In FHS, we used multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models to investigate the association of parental atrioventricular block (PR interval, \u22650.2 s), complete bundle branch block (QRS, \u22650.12 s), or pacemaker insertion with the occurrence of cardiac conduction abnormalities in their offspring. The Danish nationwide administrative registries were interrogated to assess the relations of parental pacemaker insertion with offspring pacemaker insertion.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In FHS (n=371 cases with first-degree atrioventricular block, complete bundle branch block, or pacemaker insertion, and 1471 age- and sex-matched controls), individuals with at least 1 affected parent with a conduction defect had a 1.65-fold odds (odds ratio, 95% CI, 1.32\u20132.07) for manifesting an atrioventricular block and a 1.62-fold odds (95% CI, 1.08\u20132.42) for developing a complete bundle branch block. If at least 1 parent had any electrocardiographic conduction defect or pacemaker insertion, the offspring had a 1.62-fold odds (95% CI, 1.31\u20132.00) for experiencing any of these conditions. In Denmark (n=2\u2009824\u2009199 individuals; 5397 incident pacemaker implantations), individuals with at least 1 first-degree relative with history of pacemaker insertion had a multivariable-adjusted 1.68-fold (incidence rate ratio, 95% CI, 1.49\u20131.89) risk of undergoing a pacemaker insertion. If the affected relative was \u226445 years of age, the incidence rate ratio was markedly increased to 51.0 (95% CI, 32.7\u201379.9).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Cardiac conduction blocks and risk for pacemaker insertion cluster within families. A family history of conduction system disturbance or pacemaker insertion should trigger increased awareness of a similar propensity in other family members, especially so when the conduction system disease occurs at a younger age.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/circep.119.007150","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,20]],"date-time":"2019-06-20T09:00:43Z","timestamp":1561021243000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Familial Clustering of Cardiac Conduction Defects and Pacemaker Insertion"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Bernhard M.","family":"Kaess","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute\u2019s Framingham Heart Study, MA (B.M.K., C.A., M.S.D., M.G.L., R.S.V.)."},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum M\u00fcnchen, Munich, Germany (B.M.K.)."},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, St. Josefs-Hospital, Wiesbaden, Germany (B.M.K.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Andersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute\u2019s Framingham Heart Study, MA (B.M.K., C.A., M.S.D., M.G.L., R.S.V.)."},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark (C.A., G.H.G.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meredith S.","family":"Duncan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute\u2019s Framingham Heart Study, MA (B.M.K., C.A., M.S.D., M.G.L., R.S.V.)."},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.S.D.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin G.","family":"Larson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute\u2019s Framingham Heart Study, MA (B.M.K., C.A., M.S.D., M.G.L., R.S.V.)."},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (M.G.L.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristian","family":"Aasbjerg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Science and Technology, Institute of Health, Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Denmark (K.A., C.T.-P.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gunnar H.","family":"Gislason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark (C.A., G.H.G.)."},{"name":"The Danish Heart Foundation, Copenhagen (G.H.G.)."},{"name":"National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen (G.H.G.)."},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark (G.H.G.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Torp-Pedersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Science and Technology, Institute of Health, Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Denmark (K.A., C.T.-P.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ramachandran S.","family":"Vasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute\u2019s Framingham Heart Study, MA (B.M.K., C.A., M.S.D., M.G.L., R.S.V.)."},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, MA (R.S.V.)."},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, MA 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