{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T20:43:14Z","timestamp":1783024994712,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]],"date-time":"2024-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719792000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circ: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"\n BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n \n Atrial fibrillation (AF) and ventricular fibrillation (VF) episodes exhibit varying durations, with some spontaneously ending quickly while others persist. A quantitative framework to explain episode durations remains elusive. We hypothesized that observable self-terminating AF and VF episode lengths, whereby durations are known, would conform with a power law based on the ratio of system size and correlation length (\n \n \n \n \n \n \n L<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msup>\n \n \/<\/mml:mo>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n \n \n \u03be<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n )<\/mml:mo>\n <\/mml:mstyle>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n \n Using data from computer simulations (2-dimensional sheet and 3-dimensional left-atrial), human ischemic VF recordings (256-electrode sock, n=12 patients), and human AF recordings (64-electrode basket-catheter, n=9 patients; 16-electrode high definition-grid catheter, n=42 patients), conformance with a power law was assessed using the Akaike information criterion, Bayesian information criterion, coefficient of determination (R\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n , significance=\n P<\/jats:italic>\n <0.05) and maximum likelihood estimation. We analyzed fibrillatory episode durations and\n \n \n \n \n \n \n L<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msup>\n \n \/<\/mml:mo>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n \n \n \u03be<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:mstyle>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n , computed by taking the ratio between system size (\n \n \n \n L<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mstyle>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n , chamber\/simulation size) and correlation length (xi, estimated from pairwise correlation coefficients over electrode\/node distance).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n \n In all computer models, the relationship between episode durations and\n \n \n \n \n \n \n L<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msup>\n \n \/<\/mml:mo>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n \n \n \u03be<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:mstyle>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n was conformant with a power law (Aliev-Panfilov R\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n : 0.90,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n <0.001; Courtemanche R\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n : 0.91,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n <0.001; Luo-Rudy R\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n : 0.61,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n <0.001). Observable clinical AF\/VF durations were also conformant with a power law relationship (VF R\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n : 0.86,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n <0.001; AF basket R\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n : 0.91,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n <0.001; AF grid R\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n : 0.92,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n <0.001).\n \n \n \n \n \n \n L<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msup>\n \n \/<\/mml:mo>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n \n \n \u03be<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n \n <\/mml:mstyle>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n also differentiated between self-terminating and sustained episodes of AF and VF (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n <0.001; all systems), as well as paroxysmal versus persistent AF (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n <0.001). In comparison, other electrogram metrics showed no statistically significant differences (dominant frequency, Shannon Entropy, mean voltage, peak-peak voltage;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n >0.05).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n Observable fibrillation episode durations are conformant with a power law based on system size and correlation length.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/circep.123.012684","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,28]],"date-time":"2024-06-28T09:01:25Z","timestamp":1719565285000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Observable Atrial and Ventricular Fibrillation Episode Durations Are Conformant With a Power Law Based on System Size and Spatial Synchronization"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Dhani","family":"Dharmaprani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders 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