{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T14:09:05Z","timestamp":1789654145436,"version":"4.0.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circ: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) risk calculator estimates the risk of incident sustained ventricular arrhythmia (VA) and performs well in ARVC populations meeting 2010 Task Force Criteria. However, the calculator includes no measure of left ventricular (LV) structure and function, while late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) on cardiac magnetic resonance shows promise in arrhythmic risk prediction. This study aims to evaluate whether LV LGE on cardiac magnetic resonance can further refine ARVC VA risk stratification.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with definite ARVC, no prior sustained VA, and contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance at baseline were followed at 17 centers. Survival analyses were performed to assess LV LGE effect on VA prediction, and its incremental prognostic value on the risk calculator was evaluated using Cox proportional hazard models. The presence of high-risk LGE, defined as LV epicardial, transmural, or combined septal and free-wall LGE, was studied as a sensitivity analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 385 patients (39.6\u00b115.4 years, 39.7% male, 54.0% probands), 132 (34.3%) had LV LGE on cardiac magnetic resonance, with 98 (25.5%) having a high-risk pattern. Over 3.1 [1.2\u20135.8] years of follow-up, 67 (17.4%) patients experienced VA. In univariable analysis, both LV LGE (hazard ratio, 1.82;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.014) and high-risk LV LGE (hazard ratio, 1.85;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.017) were associated with higher risk for VA. However, after adjusting for the ARVC calculator\u2013estimated risk, the presence of neither LV LGE (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.85) nor high-risk LV LGE (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.87) independently predicted sustained VA. (graphic abstract)\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>While associated with the risk of VA in ARVC, LV LGE did not provide incremental prognostic value for incident VA risk prediction compared with the ARVC risk calculator.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/circep.125.014265","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T10:00:37Z","timestamp":1769680837000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Left Ventricular Late Gadolinium Enhancement for Arrhythmic Risk Prediction in ARVC"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4717-2892","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Corrado","family":"De Marco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Genetics Center and Electrophysiology Service, Montreal Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada (C.D.M., R.T., L.-P.D., J.C.-T.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0050-5717","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Babken","family":"Asatryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (B.A., A.G., H.C., C.A.J.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4694-4790","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Anneline S.J.M.","family":"te Riele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology (A.S.J.M.t.R.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands."},{"name":"European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence, and Complex Diseases of the Heart: ERN GUARD-Heart (A.S.J.M.t.R., H.K.J., E.A., C.C., D.S., M.M., J.P.v.T., B.K.V., L.P.B.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8322-8112","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andrea","family":"Di Marco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arrhythmia Unit, Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain (A.D.M.)."},{"name":"BioHeartCardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain (A.D.M.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3432-070X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alessio","family":"Gasperetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (B.A., A.G., H.C., C.A.J.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3742-9674","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Antoine","family":"Delini\u00e8re","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Center for Inherited Arrhythmias of Lyon (CERA), Electrophysiology Unit, Louis Pradel Cardiovascular Hospital, Institut de Cardiologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, MeLiS, CNRS UMR 5284, INSERM U1314, Lyon, France (A.D.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0268-6723","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jason D.","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (J.D.R., J.S.H.)."},{"name":"Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (J.D.R.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1802-4302","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Henrik K.","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence, and Complex Diseases of the Heart: ERN GUARD-Heart (A.S.J.M.t.R., H.K.J., E.A., C.C., D.S., M.M., J.P.v.T., B.K.V., L.P.B.)."},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark (H.K.J.)."},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Health, Aarhus University, Denmark (H.K.J.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9469-7109","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Brianna","family":"Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (B.D., A.D.K.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7982-1586","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andrew D.","family":"Krahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (B.D., A.D.K.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1472-0258","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rafik","family":"Tadros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Genetics Center and Electrophysiology Service, Montreal Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada (C.D.M., R.T., L.-P.D., J.C.-T.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8404-0541","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Anneli","family":"Svensson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Linko\u0308ping University Hospital, Sweden (A.S.)."},{"name":"Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linko\u0308ping University, Sweden (A.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9693-4083","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Silvia","family":"Castelletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiomyopathy Unit and Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, Department of Cardiology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (S.C., L.C.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8739-6527","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lia","family":"Crotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiomyopathy Unit and Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, Department of Cardiology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (S.C., L.C.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5592-8717","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Pyotr G.","family":"Platonov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Sweden (P.G.P.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0719-128X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Karolina","family":"Borowiec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Congenital Heart Diseases (K.B., E.K.B.), Cardinal Wyszynski National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland."},{"name":"Outpatient Department of Genetic Arrhythmias (K.B., E.K.B.), Cardinal Wyszynski National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3215-5085","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"El\u017cbieta K.","family":"Biernacka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Congenital Heart Diseases (K.B., E.K.B.), Cardinal Wyszynski National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland."},{"name":"Outpatient Department of Genetic Arrhythmias (K.B., E.K.B.), Cardinal Wyszynski National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0424-6393","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Elena","family":"Arbelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence, and Complex Diseases of the Heart: ERN GUARD-Heart (A.S.J.M.t.R., H.K.J., E.A., C.C., D.S., M.M., J.P.v.T., B.K.V., L.P.B.)."},{"name":"Arrhythmia Section, Department of Cardiology, Hospital Cli\u0301nic, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (E.A.)."},{"name":"Institut d\u2019Investigacio\u0301 August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain (E.A.)."},{"name":"Centro de Investigacio\u0301n Biome\u0301dica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (E.A.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0779-2974","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Louis-Philippe","family":"David","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Genetics Center and Electrophysiology Service, Montreal Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada (C.D.M., R.T., L.-P.D., J.C.-T.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1896-0803","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ardan M.","family":"Saguner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center Z\u00fcrich, University Hospital Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland (A.M.S., C.B., F.D.)."},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, Z\u00fcrich University Hospital, University of Z\u00fcrich, Schlieren, Switzerland (A.M.S., C.B., F.D.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1216-7580","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jeff S.","family":"Healey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (J.D.R., J.S.H.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corinna","family":"Brunckhorst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center Z\u00fcrich, University Hospital Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland (A.M.S., C.B., F.D.)."},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, Z\u00fcrich University Hospital, University of Z\u00fcrich, Schlieren, Switzerland (A.M.S., C.B., F.D.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5447-5595","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chiara","family":"Cappelletto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence, and Complex Diseases of the Heart: ERN GUARD-Heart (A.S.J.M.t.R., H.K.J., E.A., C.C., D.S., M.M., J.P.v.T., B.K.V., L.P.B.)."},{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina and University of Trieste, Italy (C.C., D.S., M.M.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4538-6811","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Davide","family":"Stolfo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence, and Complex Diseases of the Heart: ERN GUARD-Heart (A.S.J.M.t.R., H.K.J., E.A., C.C., D.S., M.M., J.P.v.T., B.K.V., L.P.B.)."},{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina and University of Trieste, Italy (C.C., D.S., M.M.)."},{"name":"Cardiothoracic Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale\u2013 University hospital of Udine, Italy (D.S)."},{"name":"Department of Medicine Clinical Science and Education, S\u00f6dersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (D.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1022-3131","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marco","family":"Merlo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence, and Complex Diseases of the Heart: ERN GUARD-Heart (A.S.J.M.t.R., H.K.J., E.A., C.C., D.S., M.M., J.P.v.T., B.K.V., L.P.B.)."},{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina and University of Trieste, Italy (C.C., D.S., M.M.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Rootwelt-Norberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, ProCardio Center for Innovation, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, University of Oslo, Norway (C.R.-N., K.H.H.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4900-0453","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kristina H.","family":"Haugaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, ProCardio Center for Innovation, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, University of Oslo, Norway (C.R.-N., K.H.H.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4748-0158","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Firat","family":"Duru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center Z\u00fcrich, University Hospital Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland (A.M.S., C.B., F.D.)."},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, Z\u00fcrich University Hospital, University of Z\u00fcrich, Schlieren, Switzerland (A.M.S., C.B., F.D.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3854-6749","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"J. Peter","family":"van Tintelen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics (J.P.v.T.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands."},{"name":"European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence, and Complex Diseases of the Heart: ERN GUARD-Heart (A.S.J.M.t.R., H.K.J., E.A., C.C., D.S., M.M., J.P.v.T., B.K.V., L.P.B.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2542-9474","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Birgitta K.","family":"Velthuis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence, and Complex Diseases of the Heart: ERN GUARD-Heart (A.S.J.M.t.R., H.K.J., E.A., C.C., D.S., M.M., J.P.v.T., B.K.V., L.P.B.)."},{"name":"Department of Radiology (B.K.V.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9262-9433","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hugh","family":"Calkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (B.A., A.G., H.C., C.A.J.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9422-6742","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Stefan L.","family":"Zimmerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Russell H. 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