{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,20]],"date-time":"2025-12-20T21:52:58Z","timestamp":1766267578703,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circ: Heart Failure"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Identification of novel biomarkers could provide prognostic information and improve risk stratification in patients with aortic stenosis (AS). YKL-40 (chitinase-3-like protein 1), a protein involved in atherogenesis, is upregulated in human calcific aortic valves. We hypothesized that circulating YKL-40 would be elevated and associated with the degree of AS severity and outcome in patients with symptomatic AS.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Plasma YKL-40 was analyzed in 2 AS populations, one severe AS (n=572) with outcome measures and one with mixed severity (n=67). YKL-40 expression in calcified valves and in an experimental pressure overload model was assessed.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              We found (1) patients with AS had upregulated circulating YKL-40 compared with healthy controls (median 109 versus 34 ng\/mL,\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.001), but levels were not related to the degree of AS severity. (2) High YKL-40 levels (quartile 4) were associated with long-term (median follow-up 4.7 years) all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.93 [95% CI, 1.37\u20132.73],\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.001). (3) YKL-40 protein expression in human calcific valves co-localized with its putative receptor IL-13r\u03b12 in close proximity to valve interstitial cells. (4) Myocardial YKL-40 increased in experimental pressure overload (6-fold in decompensated versus sham mice).\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>YKL-40 levels were elevated in AS and associated with mortality but not with other metrics of disease severity including the degree of AS severity. Despite scientific rationale for its role in AS, the clinical utility of circulating YKL-40 as a biomarker is limited.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Registration:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              URL:\n              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.clinicaltrials.gov\">https:\/\/www.clinicaltrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n              ; Unique identifier: NCT01794832.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/circheartfailure.119.006643","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,23]],"date-time":"2020-09-23T09:00:28Z","timestamp":1600851628000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["YKL-40 (Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1) Serum Levels in Aortic Stenosis"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"13","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct01794832","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"given":"Fizza","family":"Arain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Internal Medicine (F.A., A.A., A.E.M., T.L., S.H., B.H., A.V.F., L.-E.V., S.N., T.R., P.A., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway."},{"name":"Department of Cardiology (F.A., O.G.S., S.A., A.A., L.G.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aurelija","family":"Abraityte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Internal Medicine (F.A., A.A., A.E.M., T.L., S.H., B.H., A.V.F., L.-E.V., S.N., T.R., P.A., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway."},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine (A.A., A.E.M., B.H., P.A., I.J.V., A.A., L.G., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway."},{"name":"Center for Heart Failure Research (A.A., A.V.F., L.-E.V.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariia","family":"Bogdanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine (M.B.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway."},{"name":"National Almazov Medical Research Centre, Saint-Petersburg, Russia (M.B.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ole G.","family":"Solberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology (F.A., O.G.S., S.A., A.A., L.G.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annika E.","family":"Michelsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Internal Medicine (F.A., A.A., A.E.M., T.L., S.H., B.H., A.V.F., L.-E.V., S.N., T.R., P.A., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway."},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine (A.A., A.E.M., B.H., P.A., I.J.V., A.A., L.G., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7962-4726","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tove","family":"Lekva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Internal Medicine (F.A., A.A., A.E.M., T.L., S.H., B.H., A.V.F., L.-E.V., S.N., T.R., P.A., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Svend","family":"Aakhus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology (F.A., O.G.S., S.A., A.A., L.G.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway."},{"name":"Department of Circulation and Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (S.A., T.E.)."},{"name":"Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olav Hospital, Trondheim, Norway (S.A., T.E.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sverre","family":"Holm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Internal Medicine (F.A., A.A., A.E.M., T.L., S.H., B.H., A.V.F., L.-E.V., S.N., T.R., P.A., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bente","family":"Halvorsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Internal Medicine (F.A., A.A., A.E.M., T.L., S.H., B.H., A.V.F., L.-E.V., S.N., T.R., P.A., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway."},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine (A.A., A.E.M., B.H., P.A., I.J.V., A.A., L.G., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandra V.","family":"Finsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Internal Medicine (F.A., A.A., A.E.M., T.L., S.H., B.H., A.V.F., L.-E.V., S.N., T.R., P.A., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway."},{"name":"Center for Heart Failure Research (A.A., A.V.F., L.-E.V.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leif-Erik","family":"Vinge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Internal Medicine (F.A., A.A., A.E.M., T.L., S.H., B.H., A.V.F., L.-E.V., S.N., T.R., P.A., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway."},{"name":"Center for Heart Failure Research (A.A., A.V.F., L.-E.V.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 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Jebsen TREC, University of Troms\u00f8, Norway (P.A., T.U.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ingvar Jarle","family":"Vaage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency and Intensive Care, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet (I.J.V.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway."},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine (A.A., A.E.M., B.H., P.A., I.J.V., A.A., L.G., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway."},{"name":"Radiation Medicine Laboratory, ITMO University, St Petersburg, Russia (I.J.V.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Auensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology (F.A., O.G.S., S.A., A.A., L.G.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway."},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine (A.A., A.E.M., B.H., P.A., I.J.V., A.A., L.G., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Gullestad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology (F.A., O.G.S., S.A., A.A., L.G.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway."},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine (A.A., A.E.M., B.H., P.A., I.J.V., A.A., L.G., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5005-0784","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Thor","family":"Ueland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Internal Medicine (F.A., A.A., A.E.M., T.L., S.H., B.H., A.V.F., L.-E.V., S.N., T.R., P.A., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway."},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine (A.A., A.E.M., B.H., P.A., I.J.V., A.A., L.G., T.U.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway."},{"name":"K.G. 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