{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T05:04:11Z","timestamp":1781327051918,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circ: Cardiovascular Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Mice are well suited for modeling human congenital heart disease (CHD), given their 4-chamber cardiac anatomy. However, mice with CHD invariably die prenatally\/neonatally, causing CHD phenotypes to be missed. Therefore, we investigated the efficacy of noninvasive microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) to screen for CHD in stillborn\/fetal mice. These studies were performed using chemically mutagenized mice expected to be enriched for birth defects, including CHD.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              Stillborn\/fetal mice obtained from the breeding of\n              <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n              -ethyl-\n              <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n              -nitrosourea mutagenized mice were formalin-fixed and stained with iodine, then micro-CT scanned. Those diagnosed with CHD and some CHD-negative pups were necropsied. A subset of these were further analyzed by histopathology to confirm the CHD\/no-CHD diagnosis. Micro-CT scanning of 2105 fetal\/newborn mice revealed an abundance of ventricular septal defects (n=307). Overall, we observed an accuracy of 89.8% for ventricular septal defect diagnosis. Outflow tract anomalies identified by micro-CT included double outlet right ventricle (n=36), transposition of the great arteries (n=14), and persistent truncus arteriosus (n=3). These were diagnosed with a 97.4% accuracy. Aortic arch anomalies also were readily detected with an overall 99.6% accuracy. This included right aortic arch (n=28) and coarctation\/interrupted aortic arch (n=12). Also detected by micro-CT were atrioventricular septal defects (n=22), tricuspid hypoplasia\/atresia (n=13), and coronary artery fistulas (n=16). They yielded accuracies of 98.9%, 100%, and 97.8%, respectively.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Contrast enhanced micro-CT imaging in neonatal\/fetal mice can reliably detect a wide spectrum of CHD. We conclude that micro-CT imaging can be used for routine rapid assessments of structural heart defects in fetal\/newborn mice.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/circimaging.113.000279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,13]],"date-time":"2013-06-13T03:02:30Z","timestamp":1371092550000},"page":"551-559","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Microcomputed Tomography Provides High Accuracy Congenital Heart Disease Diagnosis in Neonatal and Fetal Mice"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA (A.J.K., R.F., X.L., W.A.D., R.R., S.J.A., L.Y.W., F.F., G.C.G., K.T., C.W.L.); Department of Pathology, Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA (W.A.D., K.T.); and Department of Cardiology, Children\u2019s National Medical Center, Washington, DC (L.L.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Francis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA (A.J.K., R.F., X.L., W.A.D., R.R., S.J.A., L.Y.W., F.F., G.C.G., K.T., C.W.L.); Department of Pathology, Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA (W.A.D., K.T.); and Department of Cardiology, Children\u2019s National Medical Center, Washington, DC (L.L.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA (A.J.K., R.F., X.L., W.A.D., R.R., S.J.A., L.Y.W., F.F., G.C.G., K.T., C.W.L.); Department of Pathology, Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA (W.A.D., K.T.); and Department of Cardiology, Children\u2019s National Medical Center, Washington, DC (L.L.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William A.","family":"Devine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA (A.J.K., R.F., X.L., W.A.D., R.R., S.J.A., L.Y.W., F.F., G.C.G., K.T., C.W.L.); Department of Pathology, Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA (W.A.D., K.T.); and Department of Cardiology, Children\u2019s National Medical Center, Washington, DC (L.L.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Ramirez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA (A.J.K., R.F., X.L., W.A.D., R.R., S.J.A., L.Y.W., F.F., G.C.G., K.T., C.W.L.); Department of Pathology, Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA (W.A.D., K.T.); and Department of Cardiology, Children\u2019s National Medical Center, Washington, DC (L.L.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shane J.","family":"Anderton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA (A.J.K., R.F., X.L., W.A.D., R.R., S.J.A., L.Y.W., F.F., G.C.G., K.T., C.W.L.); Department of Pathology, Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA (W.A.D., K.T.); and Department of Cardiology, Children\u2019s National Medical Center, Washington, DC (L.L.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li Yin","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA (A.J.K., R.F., X.L., W.A.D., R.R., S.J.A., L.Y.W., F.F., G.C.G., K.T., C.W.L.); Department of Pathology, Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA (W.A.D., K.T.); and Department of Cardiology, Children\u2019s National Medical Center, Washington, DC (L.L.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fahim","family":"Faruque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA (A.J.K., R.F., X.L., W.A.D., R.R., S.J.A., L.Y.W., F.F., G.C.G., K.T., C.W.L.); Department of Pathology, Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA (W.A.D., K.T.); and Department of Cardiology, Children\u2019s National Medical Center, Washington, DC (L.L.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George C.","family":"Gabriel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA (A.J.K., R.F., X.L., W.A.D., R.R., S.J.A., L.Y.W., F.F., G.C.G., K.T., C.W.L.); Department of Pathology, Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA (W.A.D., K.T.); and Department of Cardiology, Children\u2019s National Medical Center, Washington, DC (L.L.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Leatherbury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA (A.J.K., R.F., X.L., W.A.D., R.R., S.J.A., L.Y.W., F.F., G.C.G., K.T., C.W.L.); Department of Pathology, Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA (W.A.D., K.T.); and Department of Cardiology, Children\u2019s National Medical Center, Washington, DC (L.L.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimimasa","family":"Tobita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA (A.J.K., R.F., X.L., W.A.D., R.R., S.J.A., L.Y.W., F.F., G.C.G., K.T., C.W.L.); Department of Pathology, Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA (W.A.D., K.T.); and Department of Cardiology, Children\u2019s National Medical Center, Washington, DC (L.L.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cecilia W.","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA (A.J.K., R.F., X.L., W.A.D., R.R., S.J.A., L.Y.W., F.F., G.C.G., K.T., C.W.L.); Department of Pathology, Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA (W.A.D., K.T.); and Department of Cardiology, Children\u2019s National Medical Center, Washington, DC (L.L.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(02)01886-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gene.10152"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0904-921"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2006.12.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circimaging.109.918482"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2009.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6793-9-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.01543"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physiolgenomics.00129.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng785"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdrc.20023"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2529310"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0192623309335060"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdrc.10005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719109348923"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.res.0000133681.99617.28"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/01.pdr.0000219441.28206.79"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-213X-4-16"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdrc.20017"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5136.1495"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1161\/hci.0b013e3182a7ccc0","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,1]],"date-time":"2013-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1377993600000}}],"container-title":["Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.113.000279","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T01:16:21Z","timestamp":1715562981000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.113.000279"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.113.000279"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/circimaging.113.000279","relation":{},"ISSN":["1941-9651","1942-0080"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1941-9651","type":"print"},{"value":"1942-0080","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2013-02-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-06-03","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-06-12","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}