{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T08:09:22Z","timestamp":1771574962600,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circ: Cardiovascular Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Use of pretest probability can reduce unnecessary testing. We hypothesize that quantitative pretest probability, linked to evidence-based management strategies, can reduce unnecessary radiation exposure and cost in low-risk patients with symptoms suggestive of acute coronary syndrome and pulmonary embolism.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              This was a prospective, 4-center, randomized controlled trial of decision support effectiveness. Subjects were adults with chest pain and dyspnea, nondiagnostic ECGs, and no obvious diagnosis. The clinician provided data needed to compute pretest probabilities from a Web-based system. Clinicians randomized to the intervention group received the pretest probability estimates for both acute coronary syndrome and pulmonary embolism and suggested clinical actions designed to lower radiation exposure and cost. The control group received nothing. Patients were followed for 90 days. The primary outcome and sample size of 550 was predicated on a significant reduction in the proportion of healthy patients exposed to &gt;5 mSv chest radiation. A total of 550 patients were randomized, and 541 had complete data. The proportion with &gt;5 mSv to the chest and no significant cardiopulmonary diagnosis within 90 days was reduced from 33% to 25% (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.038). The intervention group had significantly lower median chest radiation exposure (0.06 versus 0.34 mSv;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.037, Mann\u2013Whitney\n              <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic>\n              test) and lower median costs ($934 versus $1275;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.018) for medical care. Adverse events occurred in 16% of controls and 11% in the intervention group (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.06).\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Provision of pretest probability and prescriptive advice reduced radiation exposure and cost of care in low-risk ambulatory patients with symptoms of acute coronary syndrome and pulmonary embolism.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Clinical Trial Registration\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              URL:\n              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.clinicaltrials.gov\">http:\/\/www.clinicaltrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n              . Unique identifier: NCT01059500.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/circimaging.113.001080","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,26]],"date-time":"2013-11-26T04:03:13Z","timestamp":1385438593000},"page":"66-73","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Multicenter, Randomized Trial of Quantitative Pretest Probability to Reduce Unnecessary Medical Radiation Exposure in Emergency Department Patients With Chest Pain and Dyspnea"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Jeffrey A.","family":"Kline","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Emergency Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (J.A.K.); Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (A.E.J.); Department of Emergency Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (N.I.S.); Department of Emergency Medicine, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC (J.H., M.M.H.); Belk College Business, University of North Carolina at Charlotte (J.T.); and Department of..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alan E.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Emergency Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (J.A.K.); Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (A.E.J.); Department of Emergency Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (N.I.S.); Department of Emergency Medicine, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC (J.H., M.M.H.); Belk College Business, University of North Carolina at Charlotte (J.T.); and Department of..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nathan I.","family":"Shapiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Emergency Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (J.A.K.); Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (A.E.J.); Department of Emergency Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (N.I.S.); Department of Emergency Medicine, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC (J.H., M.M.H.); Belk College Business, University of North Carolina at Charlotte (J.T.); and Department of..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jackeline","family":"Hernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Emergency Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (J.A.K.); Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (A.E.J.); Department of Emergency Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (N.I.S.); Department of Emergency Medicine, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC (J.H., M.M.H.); Belk College Business, University of North Carolina at Charlotte (J.T.); and Department of..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melanie M.","family":"Hogg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Emergency Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (J.A.K.); Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (A.E.J.); Department of Emergency Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (N.I.S.); Department of Emergency Medicine, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC (J.H., M.M.H.); Belk College Business, University of North Carolina at Charlotte (J.T.); and Department of..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Troyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Emergency Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (J.A.K.); Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (A.E.J.); Department of Emergency Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (N.I.S.); Department of Emergency Medicine, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC (J.H., M.M.H.); Belk College Business, University of North Carolina at Charlotte (J.T.); and Department of..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. Darrel","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Emergency Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (J.A.K.); Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (A.E.J.); Department of Emergency Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (N.I.S.); Department of Emergency Medicine, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC (J.H., M.M.H.); Belk College Business, University of North Carolina at Charlotte (J.T.); and Department of..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","article-title":"Outcomes and radiation exposure of emergency department patients with chest pain and shortness of breath and ultralow pretest probability: a multicenter study.","author":"Kline JA","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kline JA, Shapiro NI, Jones AE, Hernandez J, Hogg MM, Troyer J, Nelson RD. 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