{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:53:58Z","timestamp":1787018038267,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circ: Cardiovascular Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background\u2014<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with obstructive (\u226550% stenosis) left main (LM) coronary artery disease (CAD) are at high risk for adverse events; prior studies have also documented worse outcomes among women than men with severe multivessel\/LM CAD. However, the prognostic significance of nonobstructive (1%\u201349% stenosis) LM CAD, including sex-specific differences, has not been previously examined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Results\u2014<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In the long-term CONFIRM (Coronary CT Angiography Evaluation For Clinical Outcomes: An International Multicenter) registry, patients underwent elective coronary computed tomographic angiography for suspected CAD and were followed for 5 years. After excluding those with obstructive LM CAD, 5166 patients were categorized as having normal LM or nonobstructive LM (18% of cohort). Cumulative 5-year incidence of death, myocardial infarction, or revascularization was higher among patients with nonobstructive LM than normal LM in both women and men: women (34.3% versus 15.4%;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.0001); men (24.6% versus 18.2%;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.0001). A significant interaction existed between sex and LM status for the composite outcome (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.001). In multivariable Cox regression, the presence of nonobstructive LM plaque increased the risk for the composite outcome in women (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.48;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.005) but not in men (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.98,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.806). In subgroup analysis, women with nonobstructive LM CAD had a nearly 80% higher risk for events than men with nonobstructive LM CAD (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.78;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.017); sex-specific interactions were not observed across other patterns (eg, location or extent) of nonobstructive plaque.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion\u2014<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nonobstructive LM CAD was frequently detected on coronary computed tomographic angiography and strongly associated with adverse events among women. Recognizing the sex-specific prognostic significance of nonobstructive LM plaque may augment risk stratification efforts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/circimaging.117.006246","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,8]],"date-time":"2017-08-08T20:50:22Z","timestamp":1502225422000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Prognostic Significance of Nonobstructive Left Main Coronary Artery Disease in Women Versus Men"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Joe X.","family":"Xie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.X.X., P.E., T.V., A.G., P.K.M., W.K., L.J.S.); Department of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (B.\u00f3.H., J.K.M.); Department of Cardiology, Barbara Stresiand Women\u2019s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (C.N.B.M., D.S.B., H.G.); Department of Cardiology, Harbor..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parham","family":"Eshtehardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.X.X., P.E., T.V., A.G., P.K.M., W.K., L.J.S.); Department of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (B.\u00f3.H., J.K.M.); Department of Cardiology, Barbara Stresiand Women\u2019s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (C.N.B.M., D.S.B., H.G.); Department of Cardiology, Harbor..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tina","family":"Varghese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.X.X., P.E., T.V., A.G., P.K.M., W.K., L.J.S.); Department of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (B.\u00f3.H., J.K.M.); Department of Cardiology, Barbara Stresiand Women\u2019s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (C.N.B.M., D.S.B., H.G.); Department of Cardiology, Harbor..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhinav","family":"Goyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.X.X., P.E., T.V., A.G., P.K.M., W.K., L.J.S.); Department of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (B.\u00f3.H., J.K.M.); Department of Cardiology, Barbara Stresiand Women\u2019s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (C.N.B.M., D.S.B., H.G.); Department of Cardiology, Harbor..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Puja K.","family":"Mehta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.X.X., P.E., T.V., A.G., P.K.M., W.K., L.J.S.); Department of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (B.\u00f3.H., J.K.M.); Department of Cardiology, Barbara Stresiand Women\u2019s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (C.N.B.M., D.S.B., H.G.); Department of Cardiology, Harbor..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.X.X., P.E., T.V., A.G., P.K.M., W.K., L.J.S.); Department of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (B.\u00f3.H., J.K.M.); Department of Cardiology, Barbara Stresiand Women\u2019s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (C.N.B.M., D.S.B., H.G.); Department of Cardiology, Harbor..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathon","family":"Leipsic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.X.X., P.E., T.V., A.G., P.K.M., W.K., L.J.S.); Department of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (B.\u00f3.H., J.K.M.); Department of Cardiology, Barbara Stresiand Women\u2019s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (C.N.B.M., D.S.B., H.G.); Department of Cardiology, Harbor..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Br\u00edain","family":"\u00f3 Hartaigh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.X.X., P.E., T.V., A.G., P.K.M., W.K., L.J.S.); Department of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (B.\u00f3.H., J.K.M.); Department of Cardiology, Barbara Stresiand Women\u2019s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (C.N.B.M., D.S.B., H.G.); Department of Cardiology, Harbor..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. Noel","family":"Bairey Merz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.X.X., P.E., T.V., A.G., P.K.M., W.K., L.J.S.); Department of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (B.\u00f3.H., J.K.M.); Department of Cardiology, Barbara Stresiand Women\u2019s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (C.N.B.M., D.S.B., H.G.); Department of Cardiology, Harbor..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel S.","family":"Berman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.X.X., P.E., T.V., A.G., P.K.M., W.K., L.J.S.); Department of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (B.\u00f3.H., J.K.M.); Department of Cardiology, Barbara Stresiand Women\u2019s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (C.N.B.M., D.S.B., H.G.); Department of Cardiology, Harbor..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heidi","family":"Gransar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.X.X., P.E., T.V., A.G., P.K.M., W.K., L.J.S.); Department of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (B.\u00f3.H., J.K.M.); Department of Cardiology, Barbara Stresiand Women\u2019s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (C.N.B.M., D.S.B., H.G.); Department of Cardiology, Harbor..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew J.","family":"Budoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.X.X., P.E., T.V., A.G., P.K.M., W.K., L.J.S.); Department of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (B.\u00f3.H., J.K.M.); Department of Cardiology, Barbara Stresiand Women\u2019s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (C.N.B.M., D.S.B., H.G.); Department of Cardiology, Harbor..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Achenbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.X.X., P.E., T.V., A.G., P.K.M., W.K., L.J.S.); Department of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (B.\u00f3.H., J.K.M.); Department of Cardiology, Barbara Stresiand Women\u2019s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (C.N.B.M., D.S.B., H.G.); Department of Cardiology, Harbor..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tracy Q.","family":"Callister","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.X.X., P.E., T.V., A.G., P.K.M., W.K., L.J.S.); Department of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (B.\u00f3.H., J.K.M.); Department of Cardiology, Barbara Stresiand Women\u2019s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (C.N.B.M., D.S.B., H.G.); Department of Cardiology, Harbor..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugo","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.X.X., P.E., T.V., A.G., P.K.M., W.K., L.J.S.); Department of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (B.\u00f3.H., J.K.M.); Department of Cardiology, Barbara Stresiand Women\u2019s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (C.N.B.M., D.S.B., H.G.); Department of Cardiology, Harbor..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronen","family":"Rubinshtein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.X.X., P.E., T.V., A.G., P.K.M., W.K., L.J.S.); Department of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (B.\u00f3.H., J.K.M.); Department of Cardiology, Barbara Stresiand Women\u2019s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (C.N.B.M., D.S.B., H.G.); Department of Cardiology, Harbor..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mouaz H.","family":"Al-Mallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.X.X., P.E., T.V., A.G., P.K.M., W.K., L.J.S.); Department of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (B.\u00f3.H., J.K.M.); Department of Cardiology, Barbara Stresiand Women\u2019s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (C.N.B.M., D.S.B., H.G.); Department of Cardiology, Harbor..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Andreini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.X.X., P.E., T.V., A.G., P.K.M., W.K., L.J.S.); Department of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (B.\u00f3.H., J.K.M.); Department of Cardiology, Barbara Stresiand Women\u2019s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (C.N.B.M., D.S.B., H.G.); Department of Cardiology, Harbor..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianluca","family":"Pontone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.X.X., P.E., T.V., A.G., P.K.M., W.K., L.J.S.); Department of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (B.\u00f3.H., J.K.M.); Department of Cardiology, Barbara Stresiand Women\u2019s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (C.N.B.M., D.S.B., H.G.); Department of Cardiology, Harbor..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filippo","family":"Cademartiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.X.X., P.E., T.V., A.G., P.K.M., W.K., L.J.S.); Department of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (B.\u00f3.H., J.K.M.); Department of Cardiology, Barbara Stresiand Women\u2019s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (C.N.B.M., D.S.B., H.G.); Department of Cardiology, Harbor..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erica","family":"Maffei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.X.X., P.E., T.V., A.G., P.K.M., W.K., L.J.S.); Department of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (B.\u00f3.H., J.K.M.); Department of Cardiology, Barbara Stresiand Women\u2019s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (C.N.B.M., D.S.B., H.G.); Department of Cardiology, Harbor..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kavitha","family":"Chinnaiyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.X.X., P.E., T.V., A.G., P.K.M., W.K., L.J.S.); Department of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (B.\u00f3.H., J.K.M.); Department of Cardiology, Barbara Stresiand Women\u2019s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (C.N.B.M., D.S.B., H.G.); Department of Cardiology, Harbor..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilbert","family":"Raff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.X.X., P.E., T.V., A.G., P.K.M., W.K., L.J.S.); Department of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (B.\u00f3.H., J.K.M.); Department of Cardiology, Barbara Stresiand Women\u2019s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (C.N.B.M., D.S.B., H.G.); Department of Cardiology, Harbor..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Hadamitzky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.X.X., P.E., T.V., A.G., P.K.M., W.K., L.J.S.); Department of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (B.\u00f3.H., J.K.M.); Department of Cardiology, Barbara Stresiand Women\u2019s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (C.N.B.M., D.S.B., H.G.); Department of Cardiology, Harbor..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joerg","family":"Hausleiter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.X.X., P.E., T.V., A.G., P.K.M., W.K., L.J.S.); Department of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (B.\u00f3.H., J.K.M.); Department of Cardiology, Barbara Stresiand Women\u2019s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (C.N.B.M., D.S.B., H.G.); Department of Cardiology, Harbor..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gudrun","family":"Feuchtner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.X.X., P.E., T.V., A.G., P.K.M., W.K., L.J.S.); Department of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (B.\u00f3.H., J.K.M.); Department of Cardiology, Barbara Stresiand Women\u2019s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (C.N.B.M., D.S.B., H.G.); Department of Cardiology, Harbor..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philipp A.","family":"Kaufmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.X.X., P.E., T.V., A.G., P.K.M., W.K., L.J.S.); Department of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (B.\u00f3.H., J.K.M.); Department of Cardiology, Barbara Stresiand Women\u2019s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (C.N.B.M., D.S.B., H.G.); Department of Cardiology, Harbor..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Todd C.","family":"Villines","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.X.X., P.E., T.V., A.G., P.K.M., W.K., L.J.S.); Department of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (B.\u00f3.H., J.K.M.); Department of Cardiology, Barbara Stresiand Women\u2019s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (C.N.B.M., D.S.B., H.G.); Department of Cardiology, Harbor..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin J.W.","family":"Chow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.X.X., P.E., T.V., A.G., P.K.M., W.K., L.J.S.); Department of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.L.); Department of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (B.\u00f3.H., J.K.M.); Department of Cardiology, Barbara Stresiand Women\u2019s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (C.N.B.M., D.S.B., H.G.); Department of Cardiology, 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