{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T13:47:40Z","timestamp":1790948860007,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circ: Cardiovascular Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>FAP (fibroblast activation protein) plays an important role in cardiac wound healing and remodeling. Although initially developed as a theranostic ligand for metastasized cancer, FAPI (FAP inhibitor) tracers have recently been used to study cardiac remodeling following myocardial infarction in small-animal models. The aim of the study was to evaluate the activity of FAP via FAPI\u2013positron emission tomography\u2013computed tomography scans in human hearts.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>FAPI\u2013positron emission tomography\u2013computed tomography scans of 229 patients of 2 consecutive cohorts (modeling cohort: n=185; confirmatory cohort: n=44) suffering from metastasized cancer were analyzed applying the American Heart Association 17-segment model of the left ventricle. Logistic regression models were created using data from the modeling cohort. Multivariate regression models were established using Akaike information criterion in a step-down approach.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              Fourteen percent of patients had preexisting coronary artery disease (n=31), 33% arterial hypertension (n=75), and 12% diabetes mellitus type II (n=28). Forty-three percent had been treated with platin derivatives (n=100), 14% with anthracyclines (n=32), and 10% had a history of prior radiation to the chest (n=23). High left ventricular FAPI signals correlated with the presence of cardiovascular risk factors (odds ratio [OR], 4.3,\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.0029), a focal myocardial signal pattern (OR, 3.9,\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.0068), diabetes mellitus type II (OR, 4.1,\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.046), and beta-blocker use (OR, 3.8,\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.049) in univariate regression models. In a multivariate analysis, increased signal intensity was significantly higher in patients with cardiovascular risk factors (overweight [OR, 2.6,\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.023], diabetes mellitus type II [OR, 2.9,\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.041], certain chemotherapies [platinum derivatives; OR, 3.0,\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.034], and a history of radiation to the chest [OR, 3.5,\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.024]). A focal enrichment pattern was more frequently observed in patients with known cardiovascular risk factors (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.0001).\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>FAPI\u2013positron emission tomography\u2013computed tomography scans represent a new imaging modality to investigate cardiac FAP. High signal intensities correlate with cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic disease.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/circimaging.120.010628","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,11]],"date-time":"2020-09-11T09:00:21Z","timestamp":1599814821000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":126,"title":["Relationship Between Cardiac Fibroblast Activation Protein Activity by Positron Emission Tomography and Cardiovascular Disease"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Markus B.","family":"Heckmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology (M.B.H., F.R., D.F., H.A.K., F.L., L.H.L.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany."},{"name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Heidelberg\/Mannheim partner site, Germany (M.B.H., F.R., D.F., H.A.K., F.L., L.H.L.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Finn","family":"Reinhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology (M.B.H., F.R., D.F., H.A.K., F.L., L.H.L.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany."},{"name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Heidelberg\/Mannheim partner site, Germany (M.B.H., F.R., D.F., H.A.K., F.L., L.H.L.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Finke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology (M.B.H., F.R., D.F., H.A.K., F.L., L.H.L.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany."},{"name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Heidelberg\/Mannheim partner site, Germany (M.B.H., F.R., D.F., H.A.K., F.L., L.H.L.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugo A.","family":"Katus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology (M.B.H., F.R., D.F., H.A.K., F.L., L.H.L.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany."},{"name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Heidelberg\/Mannheim partner site, Germany (M.B.H., F.R., D.F., H.A.K., F.L., L.H.L.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uwe","family":"Haberkorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine (U.H.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany."},{"name":"Clinical Cooperation Unit Nuclear Medicine, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany (U.H.)."},{"name":"Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany (U.H.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Leuschner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology (M.B.H., F.R., D.F., H.A.K., F.L., L.H.L.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany."},{"name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Heidelberg\/Mannheim partner site, Germany (M.B.H., F.R., D.F., H.A.K., F.L., L.H.L.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5077-8580","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lorenz H.","family":"Lehmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology (M.B.H., F.R., D.F., H.A.K., F.L., L.H.L.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany."},{"name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Heidelberg\/Mannheim partner site, Germany (M.B.H., F.R., D.F., H.A.K., F.L., L.H.L.)."},{"name":"German Cancer Research Center (L.H.L)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-018-0668-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2015.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.116.308643"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.119.226993"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-09790-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1546-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.118.210443"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.118.215913"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.118.210435"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2008.01.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hc0402.102975"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","unstructured":"R Core Team. 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