{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T17:11:21Z","timestamp":1793380281864,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circ: Cardiovascular Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>Right ventricular (RV) failure is a principal determinant of morbidity and mortality in children with pulmonary hypertension, making accurate RV assessment a cornerstone of risk stratification and long-term management. Noninvasive imaging plays a central role in this evaluation; however, commonly used modalities, including 2- and 3-dimensional echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, each have distinct advantages and limitations in the pediatric population. Consequently, an integrated, multimodal imaging strategy is required. This review provides a contemporary, critical appraisal of the existing evidence and key knowledge gaps related to noninvasive multimodality imaging of the RV in pediatric pulmonary hypertension. The discussion is structured around fundamental aspects of RV physiology, including chamber size and mass, systolic function, diastolic function and stiffness, RV-left ventricle interactions, ventriculoarterial coupling, and exercise assessment. Echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging are presented in parallel to highlight their complementary roles within a multimodality framework. Current prognostic thresholds in pediatric pulmonary hypertension imaging are largely supported by level of evidence C, underscoring persistent gaps that limit the development of definitive clinical recommendations and a unified approach. We propose a roadmap to guide future research efforts and collaborative initiatives among pediatric pulmonary hypertension and imaging specialists, emphasizing the role of professional networks in advancing the field.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/circimaging.125.019264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T10:00:14Z","timestamp":1771495214000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Current State of RV Multimodality Imaging in Pediatric Pulmonary Hypertension: Current Evidence, Knowledge Gaps, and Future Research Directions"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3093-4384","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kimberley G.","family":"Miles","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH (K.G.M.)."},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH (K.G.M.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan M.","family":"Dorobantu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children and Heart Institute, United Kingdom (D.M.D.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3146-5831","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Johannes Menno","family":"Douwes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Beatrix Children\u2019s Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands (J.M.D.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2227-6265","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Benjamin S.","family":"Frank","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Center and Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado, Aurora (B.S.F., D.D.I.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5145-0341","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Pei-Ni","family":"Jone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (P.-N.J.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4292-6456","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vivek","family":"Muthurangu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Centre for Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (V.M.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2541-3402","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"D. Dunbar","family":"Ivy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Center and Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado, Aurora (B.S.F., D.D.I.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9155-2665","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hythem","family":"Nawaytou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco (H.N.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4108-5560","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mark K.","family":"Friedberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Labatt Family Heart Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, and Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, ON, Canada 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