{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T01:30:53Z","timestamp":1768008653635,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circ: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The Relaxin for the Treatment of Acute Heart Failure (RELAX-AHF) trial enrolled 1161 patients admitted to the hospital for acute heart failure (AHF) to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of serelaxin, a recombinant form of human relaxin-2. We characterized how representative RELAX-AHF clinical trial enrollees were to those patients with AHF found in international registries.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              We examined 196 770 AHF admissions from the Acute Decompensated Heart Failure National Registry-United States and Acute Decompensated Heart Failure National Registry-International registries. Patients were considered RELAX-AHF-type if they met the following criteria: discharge diagnosis of heart failure, systolic blood pressure &gt;125 mm Hg, dyspnea at rest or with mild exertion, intravenous diuretic use, glomerular filtration rate of 30 to 75 mL\/min per 1.73 m\n              <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n              , hemoglobin &gt;8 g\/dL, and no use of intravenous inotropes or vasopressors. Baseline characteristics and treatments of RELAX-AHF-type and non\u2013RELAX-AHF-type patients were compared. A Cox model was used to evaluate inpatient mortality. Among both Acute Decompensated Heart Failure National Registry-United States and Acute Decompensated Heart Failure National Registry-International registries, 20.7% (n=38 485) and 16.2% (n=1749) of patients met basic criteria for RELAX-AHF entry, respectively. These patients were more likely to be older, be women, have a previous history of hypertension, have preserved ejection fraction, and have better renal function. In-hospital mortality was lower in RELAX-AHF-type than in non\u2013RELAX-AHF-type patients, even after multivariable adjustment (hazard ratio, 0.59; 95% confidence interval, 0.53\u20130.66;\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.0001).\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Patients potentially eligible for RELAX-AHF represent \u22482 in 10 patients with AHF in the United States, Latin America, or Asia-Pacific. These patients differ significantly from other hospitalized patients based on clinical characteristics and outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/circoutcomes.113.000418","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,5]],"date-time":"2014-03-05T04:25:10Z","timestamp":1393993510000},"page":"259-268","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Representativeness of RELAX-AHF Clinical Trial Population in Acute Heart Failure"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Teresa S.","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Duke Clinical Research Institute (T.S.W., C.B.P., A.F.H.) and Department of Medicine (T.S.W., A.S.H., C.B.P., J.A.E., A.F.H.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Division of Cardiology, Manankowski Alberta Heart Institute, Alberta, Canada (J.A.E.); and UCLA Division of Cardiology, University of California at Los Angeles Medical Center, (G.C.F.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne S.","family":"Hellkamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Duke Clinical Research Institute (T.S.W., C.B.P., A.F.H.) and Department of Medicine (T.S.W., A.S.H., C.B.P., J.A.E., A.F.H.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Division of Cardiology, Manankowski Alberta Heart Institute, Alberta, Canada (J.A.E.); and UCLA Division of Cardiology, University of California at Los Angeles Medical Center, (G.C.F.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chetan B.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Duke Clinical Research Institute (T.S.W., C.B.P., A.F.H.) and Department of Medicine (T.S.W., A.S.H., C.B.P., J.A.E., A.F.H.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Division of Cardiology, Manankowski Alberta Heart Institute, Alberta, Canada (J.A.E.); and UCLA Division of Cardiology, University of California at Los Angeles Medical Center, (G.C.F.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Justin A.","family":"Ezekowitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Duke Clinical Research Institute (T.S.W., C.B.P., A.F.H.) and Department of Medicine (T.S.W., A.S.H., C.B.P., J.A.E., A.F.H.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Division of Cardiology, Manankowski Alberta Heart Institute, Alberta, Canada (J.A.E.); and UCLA Division of Cardiology, University of California at Los Angeles Medical Center, (G.C.F.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregg C.","family":"Fonarow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Duke Clinical Research Institute (T.S.W., C.B.P., A.F.H.) and Department of Medicine (T.S.W., A.S.H., C.B.P., J.A.E., A.F.H.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Division of Cardiology, Manankowski Alberta Heart Institute, Alberta, Canada (J.A.E.); and UCLA Division of Cardiology, University of California at Los Angeles Medical Center, (G.C.F.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adrian F.","family":"Hernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Duke Clinical Research Institute (T.S.W., C.B.P., A.F.H.) and Department of Medicine (T.S.W., A.S.H., C.B.P., J.A.E., A.F.H.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Division of Cardiology, Manankowski Alberta Heart Institute, Alberta, Canada (J.A.E.); and UCLA Division of Cardiology, University of California at Los Angeles Medical Center, (G.C.F.)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(94)90024-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circheartfailure.112.968974"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2010.07.020"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"487","article-title":"The potential role of community-based registries to complement the limited applicability of clinical trial results to the community setting: heart failure as an example.","volume":"10","author":"Franciosa JA","year":"2004","unstructured":"Franciosa JA. 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