{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T19:40:51Z","timestamp":1784230851832,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2_suppl_1","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circ: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Women diagnosed with coronary artery disease (CAD) typically experience worse outcomes relative to men, possibly through diagnosis and treatment delays. Reasons for these delays may be influenced by mood and anxiety disorders, which are more prevalent in women and have symptoms (eg, palpitations and fatigue) that may be confounded with CAD. Our study examined sex differences in the association between mood and anxiety disorders and myocardial ischemia in patients with and without a CAD history presenting for exercise stress tests.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods and Results\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              A total of 2342 patients (women n=760) completed a single photon emission computed tomographic exercise stress test (standard Bruce Protocol) and underwent a psychiatric interview (The Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders) to assess mood and anxiety disorders. Ischemia was assessed using single photon emission computed tomography, with odds ratio used to calculate the effect of sex and mood\/anxiety on the presence of ischemia during stress testing by CAD history in a stratified analyses, adjusted for relevant covariates. There was a sex by anxiety interaction with ischemia in those without a CAD history (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.015): women with anxiety were more likely to exhibit ischemia during exercise than women without anxiety (odds ratio, 1.75; 95% confidence interval, 1.05\u20132.89). No significant effects were observed for men nor mood.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions\u2014<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Women with anxiety and no CAD history had higher rates of ischemia than women without anxiety. Results suggest that anxiety symptoms, many of which overlap with those of CAD, might mask CAD symptoms among women (but not men) and contribute to referral and diagnostic delays. Further research is needed to confirm this hypothesis.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/circoutcomes.115.002491","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,23]],"date-time":"2016-02-23T21:17:54Z","timestamp":1456262274000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Do Women With Anxiety or Depression Have Higher Rates of Myocardial Ischemia During Exercise Testing Than Men?"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Nicola J.","family":"Paine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Exercise Science, Concordia University, Montr\u00e9al, Quebec, Canada (N.J.P., S.L.B.); Montr\u00e9al Behavioural Medicine Centre, H\u00f4pital du Sacr\u00e9-Coeur \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, Quebec, Canada (N.J.P., S.L.B., A.A., K.L.L.); Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montr\u00e9al, Quebec, Canada (K.L.L.); Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montr\u00e9al, Quebec, Canada (R.P.); Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Montr\u00e9al, Quebec, Canada (A.A..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon L.","family":"Bacon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Exercise Science, Concordia University, Montr\u00e9al, Quebec, Canada (N.J.P., S.L.B.); Montr\u00e9al Behavioural Medicine Centre, H\u00f4pital du Sacr\u00e9-Coeur \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, Quebec, Canada (N.J.P., S.L.B., A.A., K.L.L.); Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montr\u00e9al, Quebec, Canada (K.L.L.); Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montr\u00e9al, Quebec, Canada (R.P.); Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Montr\u00e9al, Quebec, Canada (A.A..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roxanne","family":"Pelletier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Exercise Science, Concordia University, Montr\u00e9al, Quebec, Canada (N.J.P., S.L.B.); Montr\u00e9al Behavioural Medicine Centre, H\u00f4pital du Sacr\u00e9-Coeur \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, Quebec, Canada (N.J.P., S.L.B., A.A., K.L.L.); Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montr\u00e9al, Quebec, Canada (K.L.L.); Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montr\u00e9al, Quebec, Canada (R.P.); Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Montr\u00e9al, Quebec, Canada (A.A..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Arsenault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Exercise Science, Concordia University, Montr\u00e9al, Quebec, Canada (N.J.P., S.L.B.); Montr\u00e9al Behavioural Medicine Centre, H\u00f4pital du Sacr\u00e9-Coeur \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, Quebec, Canada (N.J.P., S.L.B., A.A., K.L.L.); Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montr\u00e9al, Quebec, Canada (K.L.L.); Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montr\u00e9al, Quebec, Canada (R.P.); Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Montr\u00e9al, Quebec, Canada (A.A..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean G.","family":"Diodati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Exercise Science, Concordia University, Montr\u00e9al, Quebec, Canada (N.J.P., S.L.B.); Montr\u00e9al Behavioural Medicine Centre, H\u00f4pital du Sacr\u00e9-Coeur \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, Quebec, Canada (N.J.P., S.L.B., A.A., K.L.L.); Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montr\u00e9al, Quebec, Canada (K.L.L.); Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montr\u00e9al, Quebec, Canada (R.P.); Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Montr\u00e9al, Quebec, Canada (A.A..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim L.","family":"Lavoie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Exercise Science, Concordia University, Montr\u00e9al, Quebec, Canada (N.J.P., S.L.B.); Montr\u00e9al Behavioural Medicine Centre, H\u00f4pital du Sacr\u00e9-Coeur \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, Quebec, Canada (N.J.P., S.L.B., A.A., K.L.L.); Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montr\u00e9al, Quebec, Canada (K.L.L.); Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montr\u00e9al, Quebec, Canada (R.P.); Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Montr\u00e9al, Quebec, Canada (A.A..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-014-0242-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2012.199"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.238"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carrev.2010.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.131450"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.11.037"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0000000000000045"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2014.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(02)00439-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2003.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehl338"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.psy.0000146332.53619.b2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e31826ddbed"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.112.000068"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0000000000000027"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000153813.64165.5D"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.64.10.1153"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000216582"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2010.02.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1994.03520220043029"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1985.01790240091010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1987","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association;1987."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mnc.2001.112538"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i1","DOI":"10.1136\/heart.90.suppl_1.i1","article-title":"Procedure guidelines for radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging.","volume":"90","author":"Anagnostopoulos C","year":"2004","unstructured":"Anagnostopoulos C, Harbinson M, Kelion A, Kundley K, Loong CY, Notghi A, Reyes E, Tindale W, Underwood SR. Procedure guidelines for radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging. Heart. 2004;90(suppl 1):i1\u201310.","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.04.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(99)00101-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2005.06.035"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(03)00568-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.58.6.592"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4021\/jocmr1661w"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-7061(96)00249-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/145.8.696"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.81.4.1217"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","first-page":"245","article-title":"Power spectral analysis of heart rate variability: a noninvasive signature of cardiac autonomic function.","volume":"21","author":"Kamath MV","year":"1993","unstructured":"Kamath MV, Fallen EL. Power spectral analysis of heart rate variability: a noninvasive signature of cardiac autonomic function. Crit Rev Biomed Eng. 1993;21:245\u2013311.","journal-title":"Crit Rev Biomed Eng"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(97)00202-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mhj.2002.120404"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-007-9057-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/11.suppl_B.43"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.09.031"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.psy.0000162254.61556.d5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e3181eadd2b"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(99)00560-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2009.08.647"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(99)80796-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e3182a893ae"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0102986"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2004.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HCR.0b013e3181ebf2c0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(98)00229-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4065\/77.7.638"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(01)01413-9"}],"container-title":["Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.115.002491","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T03:38:49Z","timestamp":1715571529000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.115.002491"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2_suppl_1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.115.002491"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/circoutcomes.115.002491","relation":{},"ISSN":["1941-7713","1941-7705"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1941-7713","type":"print"},{"value":"1941-7705","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2015-11-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-01-28","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-02-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}