{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T09:10:29Z","timestamp":1785229829824,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circ: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The relationship between the prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart defects (CHDs) and age at CHD surgery is poorly understood, despite the known relationships between age at surgery and long-term outcomes. The objective of this study was to determine the associations between prenatal diagnosis of CHD and age at surgery, and whether these associations differ for critical and noncritical CHDs.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This is a cohort analysis of patients aged 0 to 9 years who received their initial cardiac surgery at Ann &amp; Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago between 2015 and 2021 with prenatal diagnosis as the exposure variable. All data were obtained from the locally maintained Society of Thoracic Surgeons Congenital Heart Surgery Database at Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital. We used multivariable fixed effects regression models to estimate the strength of the association of prenatal diagnosis with age at surgery among patients with critical (surgery \u226460 days) and noncritical (surgery &gt;60 days) CHDs.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              Of 1131 individuals who met inclusion criteria, 532 (47%) had a prenatal diagnosis, 428 (38%) had critical CHDs, 533 (47%) were female, and the median age at surgery was 119 days (interquartile range, 11\u2013309 days). After controlling for demographics, comorbidities, and surgical complexity, the mean age at surgery was significantly younger in those with prenatally versus postnatally diagnosed critical CHD (7.1 days sooner,\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.001) and noncritical CHDs (atrial septal defects [12.4 months sooner,\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.037], ventricular septal defects [6.0 months sooner,\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.003], and noncritical coarctation of the aorta [1.8 months sooner,\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              =0.010]).\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Younger age at CHD surgery, which is associated with postsurgical neurodevelopmental and physical outcomes, is significantly associated with prenatal CHD diagnosis. This relationship was identified for both critical and noncritical CHDs.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/circoutcomes.122.009638","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]],"date-time":"2023-08-04T09:00:18Z","timestamp":1691139618000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Association Between Prenatal Diagnosis and Age at Surgery for Noncritical and Critical Congenital Heart Defects"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6958-4903","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Joyce L.","family":"Woo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics (J.L.W., C.L.), Ann &amp; Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL."},{"name":"Department of Medical Social Sciences (J.L.W., M.M.D.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0336-3547","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Christina","family":"Laternser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics (J.L.W., C.L.), Ann &amp; Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0450-9387","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Brett R.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NewYork-Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children\u2019s Hospital (B.R.A.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William A.","family":"Grobman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus (W.G.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7911-5382","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michael C.","family":"Monge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery (M.M.), Ann &amp; Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew M.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Advanced General Pediatrics and Primary Care, Department of Pediatrics (M.M.D.), Ann &amp; Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL."},{"name":"Mary Ann &amp; J. Milburn Smith Child Health Outcomes, Research, and Evaluation Center, Stanley Manne Children\u2019s Health Institute (M.M.D.), Ann &amp; Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL."},{"name":"Department of Medical Social Sciences (J.L.W., M.M.D.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL."},{"name":"Department of Medicine (M.M.D.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL."},{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine (M.M.D.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0735-1097(02)01886-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-009-9514-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2005.09.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1637764"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mtc.2001.112825"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.4873"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0000000000000136"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/neo.6-7-e326"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0705.1997.10040237.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2012.01.105"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2150135117752896"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2014.05.081"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.760819"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.08.1645"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1510\/icvts.2006.134288"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2012.09.084"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hc37t1.094900"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2015.07.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","unstructured":"STS Congenital Heart Surgery Database data specifications - version 3.41. 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