{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:36:57Z","timestamp":1791247017915,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circ: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Sex disparities exist in the management and outcomes of various cardiovascular diseases. However, little is known about sex differences in cardiogenic shock (CS). We sought to assess sex-related differences in the characteristics, resource utilization, and outcomes of patients with CS.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The Critical Care Cardiology Trials Network is a multicenter registry of advanced cardiac intensive care units (CICUs) in North America. Between 2018 and 2022, each center (N=35) contributed annual 2-month snapshots of consecutive CICU admissions. Patients with CS were stratified as either CS after acute myocardial infarction or heart failure\u2013related CS (HF-CS). Multivariable logistic regression was used for analyses.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              Of the 22\u2005869 admissions in the overall population, 4505 (20%) had CS. Among 3923 patients with CS due to ventricular failure (32% female), 1235 (31%) had CS after acute myocardial infarction and 2688 (69%) had HF-CS. Median sequential organ failure assessment scores did not differ by sex. Women with HF-CS had shorter CICU lengths of stay (4.5 versus 5.4 days;\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.0001) and shorter overall lengths of hospital stay (10.9 versus 12.8 days;\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.0001) than men. Women with HF-CS were less likely to receive pulmonary artery catheters (50% versus 55%;\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.01) and mechanical circulatory support (26% versus 34%;\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n              &lt;0.0001) compared with men. Women with HF-CS had higher in-hospital mortality than men, even after adjusting for age, illness severity, and comorbidities (34% versus 23%; odds ratio, 1.76 [95% CI, 1.42\u20132.17]). In contrast, there were no significant sex differences in utilization of advanced CICU monitoring and interventions, or mortality, among patients with CS after acute myocardial infarction.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Women with HF-CS had lower use of pulmonary artery catheters and mechanical circulatory support, shorter CICU lengths of stay, and higher in-hospital mortality than men, even after accounting for age, illness severity, and comorbidities. These data highlight the need to identify underlying reasons driving the differences in treatment decisions, so outcomes gaps in HF-CS can be understood and eliminated.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/circoutcomes.123.010614","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,20]],"date-time":"2024-06-20T09:00:38Z","timestamp":1718874038000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Sex Differences in Characteristics, Resource Utilization, and Outcomes of Cardiogenic Shock: Data From the Critical Care Cardiology Trials Network (CCCTN) Registry"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4841-9922","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lori B.","family":"Daniels","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (L.B.D., N.P.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2682-2593","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nicholas","family":"Phreaner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (L.B.D., N.P.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0366-5492","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"David D.","family":"Berg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.D.B., E.A.B., J.-G.P., D.A.M.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5559-8172","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Erin A.","family":"Bohula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.D.B., E.A.B., J.-G.P., D.A.M.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2788-7532","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sunit-Preet","family":"Chaudhry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, St Vincent Heart Center, Indianapolis, IN (S.-P.C.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4050-1518","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Christopher B.","family":"Fordyce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (C.B.F.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9790-1232","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michael J.","family":"Goldfarb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada (M.J.G.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3460-5169","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jason N.","family":"Katz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine and Bellevue Hospital, New York, NY (J.N.K.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0146-9535","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Benjamin B.","family":"Kenigsberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Cardiology and Critical Care, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, DC (B.B.K., A.I.P.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5155-5071","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Patrick R.","family":"Lawler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada (P.R.L.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel A.","family":"Martillo Correa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, University of Miami, FL (M.A.M.C.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6045-5988","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alexander I.","family":"Papolos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Cardiology and Critical Care, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, DC (B.B.K., A.I.P.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4358-6534","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Robert O.","family":"Roswell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwell, Departments of Cardiology and Science Education, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra\/Northwell, New Hyde Park, NY (R.O.R.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6249-2598","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shashank S.","family":"Sinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Inova Fairfax Medical Center, Falls Church, VA (S.S.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6688-828X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sean","family":"van Diepen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (S.V.D.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4615-1747","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jeong-Gun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.D.B., E.A.B., J.-G.P., D.A.M.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9589-5382","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"David A.","family":"Morrow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.D.B., E.A.B., J.-G.P., D.A.M.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the Critical Care Cardiology Trials Network 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