{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T18:43:48Z","timestamp":1793385828343,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circ: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Congenital heart defects (CHD) are the most common birth defects and previous estimates report the disease affects 1% of births annually in the United States. To date, CHD prevalence estimates are inconsistent due to varied definitions, data reliant on birth registries, and are geographically limited. These data sources may not be representative of the total prevalence of the CHD population. It is therefore important to derive high-quality, population-based estimates of the prevalence of CHD to help care for this vulnerable population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We performed a descriptive, retrospective 8-year analysis using all-payer claims data from Colorado from 2012 to 2019. Children with CHD were identified by applying\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">International Classification of Diseases-Ninth Revision (ICD-9<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">International Classification of Diseases-Tenth Revision<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ICD-10<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) diagnosis codes from the American Heart Association\u2013American College of Cardiology harmonized cardiac codes. We included children with CHD &lt;18 years of age who resided in Colorado, had a documented zip code, and had at least 1 health care claim. CHD type was categorized as simple, moderate, and severe disease. Association with comorbid conditions and genetic diagnoses were analyzed using \u03c7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      test. We used direct standardization to calculate adjusted prevalence rates, controlling for age, sex, primary insurance provider, and urban-rural residence.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We identified 1\u2009566\u2009328 children receiving care in Colorado from 2012 to 2019. Of those, 30\u2009512 children had at least 1 CHD diagnosis, comprising 1.95% (95% CI, 1.93\u20131.97) of the pediatric population. Over half of the children with CHD also had at least 1 complex chronic condition. After direct standardization, the adjusted prevalence rates show a small increase in simple severity diagnoses across the study period (adjusted rate of 11.5 [2012]\u201314.4 [2019];\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The current study is the first population-level analysis of pediatric CHD in the United States. Using administrative claims data, our study found a higher CHD prevalence and comorbidity burden compared with previous estimates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/circoutcomes.123.010657","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]],"date-time":"2024-08-26T05:00:37Z","timestamp":1724648437000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Population-Based Estimates of the Prevalence of Children With Congenital Heart Disease and Associated Comorbidities in the United States"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0471-9269","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Devin M.","family":"Parker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d\u2019Epid\u00e9miologie et de Sant\u00e9 Publique, (IPLESP), L\u2019Equipe de Recherche en Epid\u00e9miologie Sociale (ERES), Paris, France (D.M.P.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meagan E.","family":"Stabler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine, Northern New England CO-OP Practice and Community Based Research Network, Dartmouth Hitchcock, Lebanon, NH (M.E.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Todd A.","family":"MacKenzie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Data Science (T.A.M.), Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7311-8278","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Meghan S.","family":"Zimmerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (M.S.Z.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7169-5175","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xun","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH (X.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5559-6708","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Allen D.","family":"Everett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (A.D.E.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2815-3597","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Emily M.","family":"Bucholz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora (E.M.B.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4512-9716","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jeremiah R.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology (J.R.B.), Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.23111"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.023370"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2008.05.059"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s2352-4642(19)30402-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.08.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/21501351211032919"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2010.166"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0735-1097(02)01886-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.37.1.97"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.008396"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.113.000256"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2010.07.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.100.5.526"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.105.5.1082"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2005.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2004.08.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7006a3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.120.020605"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1475-6773.13901"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","unstructured":"Council APCD. 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