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As such, there is a need for cardiologists to understand the unique aspects of competitive and recreational athletics, as well as sport and exercise science, as it relates to overall heart health and cardiovascular risk. In this article, we provide an overview of the essential aspects of sports and exercise cardiology. We describe the roles and responsibilities of a sports and exercise cardiologist as a member of a comprehensive team of experts who provide care of athletes at all levels of sport, emphasize the importance of risk stratification and prevention of sudden cardiac arrest, the role of exercise for maintaining and optimizing overall health in the general population, describe the growing field of sports electrophysiology and also discuss unique aspects of sports cardiology applied to environmental health and care of the tactical athlete. Knowledge gaps and directions for future clinical and research investigation are reviewed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/circoutcomes.126.013583","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T09:00:15Z","timestamp":1783587615000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sports and Exercise Cardiology: A New Frontier in Cardiovascular Disease Management"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0863-1187","authenticated-orcid":true,"suffix":"III","given":"William K.","family":"Cornwell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4704-4495","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Elizabeth H.","family":"Dineen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic Florida, 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