{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T15:02:00Z","timestamp":1790866920489,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circulation Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Voltage-gated T-type Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    channels (T-channels) are normally expressed during embryonic development in ventricular myocytes but are undetectable in adult ventricular myocytes. Interestingly, T-channels are reexpressed in hypertrophied or failing hearts. It is unclear whether T-channels play a role in the pathogenesis of cardiomyopathy and what the mechanism might be. Here we show that the \u03b1\n                    <jats:sub>1H<\/jats:sub>\n                    voltage-gated T-type Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    channel (Ca\n                    <jats:sub>v<\/jats:sub>\n                    3.2) is involved in the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy via the activation of calcineurin\/nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) pathway. Specifically, pressure overload\u2013induced hypertrophy was severely suppressed in mice deficient for Ca\n                    <jats:sub>v<\/jats:sub>\n                    3.2 (Ca\n                    <jats:sub>v<\/jats:sub>\n                    3.2\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) but not in mice deficient for Ca\n                    <jats:sub>v<\/jats:sub>\n                    3.1 (Ca\n                    <jats:sub>v<\/jats:sub>\n                    3.1\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    ). Angiotensin II\u2013induced cardiac hypertrophy was also suppressed in Ca\n                    <jats:sub>v<\/jats:sub>\n                    3.2\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    mice. Consistent with these findings, cultured neonatal myocytes isolated from Ca\n                    <jats:sub>v<\/jats:sub>\n                    3.2\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    mice fail to respond hypertrophic stimulation by treatment with angiotensin II. Together, these results demonstrate the importance of Ca\n                    <jats:sub>v<\/jats:sub>\n                    3.2 in the development of cardiac hypertrophy both in vitro and in vivo. To test whether Ca\n                    <jats:sub>v<\/jats:sub>\n                    3.2 mediates the hypertrophic response through the calcineurin\/NFAT pathway, we generated Ca\n                    <jats:sub>v<\/jats:sub>\n                    3.2\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    , NFAT-luciferase reporter mice and showed that NFAT-luciferase reporter activity failed to increase after pressure overload in the Ca\n                    <jats:sub>v<\/jats:sub>\n                    3.2\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    \/NFAT-Luc mice. Our results provide strong genetic evidence that Ca\n                    <jats:sub>v<\/jats:sub>\n                    3.2 indeed plays a pivotal role in the induction of calcineurin\/NFAT hypertrophic signaling and is crucial for the activation of pathological cardiac hypertrophy.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/circresaha.108.184051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,2]],"date-time":"2009-01-02T20:28:18Z","timestamp":1230928098000},"page":"522-530","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":149,"title":["The Ca\n                    <sub>V<\/sub>\n                    3.2 T-Type Ca\n                    <sup>2+<\/sup>\n                    Channel Is Required for Pressure Overload\u2013Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Chien-Sung","family":"Chiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Biomedical Sciences (C.-S.C., C.-H.H., H.C., Y.-T.C., D.C., J.-J.C., Y.-C.C.,Y.-H.C., C.-C.C.), Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Life Sciences (C.-H.H., C.-C.C.), National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Neural Science (H.-S.S.), Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea; and Department of Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology (K.P.C.), Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ching-Hui","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Biomedical Sciences (C.-S.C., C.-H.H., H.C., Y.-T.C., D.C., J.-J.C., Y.-C.C.,Y.-H.C., C.-C.C.), Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Life Sciences (C.-H.H., C.-C.C.), National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Neural Science (H.-S.S.), Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea; and Department of Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology (K.P.C.), Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hockling","family":"Chieng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Biomedical Sciences (C.-S.C., C.-H.H., H.C., Y.-T.C., D.C., J.-J.C., Y.-C.C.,Y.-H.C., C.-C.C.), Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Life Sciences (C.-H.H., C.-C.C.), National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Neural Science (H.-S.S.), Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea; and Department of Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology (K.P.C.), Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya-Ting","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Biomedical Sciences (C.-S.C., C.-H.H., H.C., Y.-T.C., D.C., J.-J.C., Y.-C.C.,Y.-H.C., C.-C.C.), Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Life Sciences (C.-H.H., C.-C.C.), National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Neural Science (H.-S.S.), Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea; and Department of Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology (K.P.C.), Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dory","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Biomedical Sciences (C.-S.C., C.-H.H., H.C., Y.-T.C., D.C., J.-J.C., Y.-C.C.,Y.-H.C., C.-C.C.), Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Life Sciences (C.-H.H., C.-C.C.), National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Neural Science (H.-S.S.), Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea; and Department of Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology (K.P.C.), Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji-Jr","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Biomedical Sciences (C.-S.C., C.-H.H., H.C., Y.-T.C., D.C., J.-J.C., Y.-C.C.,Y.-H.C., C.-C.C.), Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Life Sciences (C.-H.H., C.-C.C.), National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Neural Science (H.-S.S.), Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea; and Department of Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology (K.P.C.), Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong-Cyuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Biomedical Sciences (C.-S.C., C.-H.H., H.C., Y.-T.C., D.C., J.-J.C., Y.-C.C.,Y.-H.C., C.-C.C.), Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Life Sciences (C.-H.H., C.-C.C.), National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Neural Science (H.-S.S.), Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea; and Department of Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology (K.P.C.), Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yen-Hui","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Biomedical Sciences (C.-S.C., C.-H.H., H.C., Y.-T.C., D.C., J.-J.C., Y.-C.C.,Y.-H.C., C.-C.C.), Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Life Sciences (C.-H.H., C.-C.C.), National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Neural Science (H.-S.S.), Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea; and Department of Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology (K.P.C.), Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hee-Sup","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Biomedical Sciences (C.-S.C., C.-H.H., H.C., Y.-T.C., D.C., J.-J.C., Y.-C.C.,Y.-H.C., C.-C.C.), Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Life Sciences (C.-H.H., C.-C.C.), National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Neural Science (H.-S.S.), Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea; and Department of Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology (K.P.C.), Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin P.","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Biomedical Sciences (C.-S.C., C.-H.H., H.C., Y.-T.C., D.C., J.-J.C., Y.-C.C.,Y.-H.C., C.-C.C.), Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Life Sciences (C.-H.H., C.-C.C.), National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Neural Science (H.-S.S.), Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea; and Department of Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology (K.P.C.), Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chien-Chang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Biomedical Sciences (C.-S.C., C.-H.H., H.C., Y.-T.C., D.C., J.-J.C., Y.-C.C.,Y.-H.C., C.-C.C.), Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Life Sciences (C.-H.H., C.-C.C.), National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Neural Science (H.-S.S.), Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea; and Department of Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology (K.P.C.), Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa 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