{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T20:36:42Z","timestamp":1793824602598,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":174,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circulation Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Artery calcification reflects an admixture of factors such as ectopic osteochondral differentiation with primary host pathological conditions. We review how genetic factors, as identified by human genome-wide association studies, and incomplete correlations with various mouse studies, including knockout and strain analyses, fit into \u201cpieces of the puzzle\u201d in intimal calcification in human atherosclerosis, and artery tunica media calcification in aging, diabetes mellitus, and chronic kidney disease. We also describe in sharp contrast how ENPP1, CD73, and ABCC6 serve as \u201ccogs in a wheel\u201d of arterial calcification. Specifically, each is a minor component in the function of a much larger network of factors that exert balanced effects to promote and suppress arterial calcification. For the network to normally suppress spontaneous arterial calcification, the \u201ccogs\u201d ENPP1, CD73, and ABCC6 must be present and in working order. Monogenic ENPP1, CD73, and ABCC6 deficiencies each drive a molecular pathophysiology of closely related but phenotypically different diseases (generalized arterial calcification of infancy (GACI), pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) and arterial calcification caused by CD73 deficiency (ACDC)), in which premature onset arterial calcification is a prominent but not the sole feature.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/circresaha.111.247965","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,18]],"date-time":"2011-08-18T21:37:07Z","timestamp":1313703427000},"page":"578-592","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":161,"title":["Genetics in Arterial Calcification"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Frank","family":"Rutsch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of General Pediatrics, M\u00fcnster University Children's Hospital, M\u00fcnster, Germany (F.R., Y.N.); and the Department of Medicine, Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology Division, VA Medical Center\/University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA (R.T.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yvonne","family":"Nitschke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of General Pediatrics, M\u00fcnster University Children's Hospital, M\u00fcnster, Germany (F.R., Y.N.); and the Department of Medicine, Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology Division, VA Medical Center\/University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA (R.T.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Terkeltaub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of General Pediatrics, M\u00fcnster University Children's Hospital, M\u00fcnster, Germany (F.R., Y.N.); and the Department of Medicine, Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology Division, VA Medical Center\/University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA (R.T.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.106.674143"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.107.688739"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.580696"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.0000157730.94423.4b"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.0000022663.26468.5b"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.0000022664.21832.5d"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000155611.41961.BB"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwn211"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1142447"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05911"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa072366"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(90)90282-T"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddn132"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/atvbaha.109.189522"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2010.03.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hq0302.105721"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gepi.20301"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","article-title":"Gene expression variation between African Americans and whites is associated with coronary artery calcification: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis","author":"Huang CC","unstructured":"Huang CC, Lloyd-Jones DM, Guo X, Rajamannan NM, Lin SM, Du P, Huang Q, Hou L, Liu K. Gene expression variation between African Americans and whites is associated with coronary artery calcification: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Physiol Genomics. April 26, 2011 [Epub ahead of print].","journal-title":"Physiol Genomics."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200403260-00003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.72.9.7450-7458.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.atv.0000038486.48400.e7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gene.6363760"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-3-31"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(98)00044-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2005.01.040"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(83)90628-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.0000109487.46725.02"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2006.02.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3132\/dvdr.2008.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.atv.0000067427.40133.59"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001090100235"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9150(02)00107-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.1998.13.3.325"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.141.7.7579"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(02)02254-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/atvbaha.110.211805"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0712030105"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/72835"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2004100835"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2007070760"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4652(200007)184:1<37::AID-JCP4>3.0.CO;2-M"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201008060"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circresaha.110.236596"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.090501"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M401645200"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-08-2804"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/07853890.2010.499131"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2005.01419.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.18.9.1400"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02214"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/atvbaha.107.159913"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3590687"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.02.053"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.53.9.2455"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2840-6-23"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.14.9.1480"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.15.12.2265"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.11.5483"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_60_2","first-page":"616","article-title":"Dystrophic cardiac calcinosis in mice: abnormal myocardial response to freeze-thaw injury","volume":"40","author":"Brunnert SR","year":"1990","unstructured":"Brunnert SR, Altman NH. Dystrophic cardiac calcinosis in mice: abnormal myocardial response to freeze-thaw injury. Lab Anim Sci. 1990;40:616\u2013619.","journal-title":"Lab Anim Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0607620104"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M708290200"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCGENETICS.109.860270"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_64_2","article-title":"Calcium regulates key components of vascular smooth muscle cell-derived matrix vesicles to enhance mineralization","author":"Kapustin A","unstructured":"Kapustin A, Davies JD, Reynolds JL, McNair R, Jones GT, Sidibe A, Schurgers LJ, Skepper JN, Proudfoot D, Mayr M, Shanahan CM. Calcium regulates key components of vascular smooth muscle cell-derived matrix vesicles to enhance mineralization. Circ Res. May 12, 2011 [Epub ahead of print].","journal-title":"Circ Res."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2423(08)00407-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2004.05.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002281-200305000-00019"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/386078a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_69_2","first-page":"69","article-title":"T-138C polymorphism of matrix gla protein promoter alters its expression but is not directly associated with atherosclerotic vascular calcification","volume":"50","author":"Kobayashi N","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kobayashi N, Kitazawa R, Maeda S, Schurgers L, Kitazawa S. T-138C polymorphism of matrix gla protein promoter alters its expression but is not directly associated with atherosclerotic vascular calcification. Kobe J Med Sci. 2004;50:69\u201381.","journal-title":"Kobe J Med Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M104909200"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.20.11.2386"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000088809"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-005-1258-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3177\/jnsv.55.59"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_75_2","first-page":"699","article-title":"Genetic polymorphism of alpha 2HS-glycoprotein","volume":"38","author":"Cox DW","year":"1986","unstructured":"Cox DW, Andrews BJ, Wills DE. Genetic polymorphism of alpha 2HS-glycoprotein. Am J Hum Genet. 1986;38:699\u2013706.","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-004-1222-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000309789"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db07-0558"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-005-1286-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-0429"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2005.00345.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1112766"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1536\/ihj.50.23"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.12.9.1260"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1998.8697"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/atvbaha.107.147868"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-032054"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2006.02530.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.K10E-015"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0405516101"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1542-4758.2009.00333.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_92_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/956"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1221"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_94_2","first-page":"157","article-title":"A new breed of mouse showing multiple osteochondral lesions-twy mouse","volume":"21","author":"Hosoda Y","year":"1981","unstructured":"Hosoda Y, Yoshimura Y, Higaki S. A new breed of mouse showing multiple osteochondral lesions-twy mouse. Ryumachi. 1981;21(Suppl):157\u2013164.","journal-title":"Ryumachi."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_95_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.142063399"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_96_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.atv.0000154774.71187.f0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_97_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.2001.281.1.C1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_98_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.289.5477.265"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_99_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1521-1878(199810)20:10<837::AID-BIES9>3.0.CO;2-D"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_100_2","first-page":"947","article-title":"Mice carrying a CAR-2 null allele lack carbonic anhydrase II immunohistochemically and show vascular calcification","volume":"134","author":"Spicer SS","year":"1989","unstructured":"Spicer SS, Lewis SE, Tashian RE, Schulte BA. Mice carrying a CAR-2 null allele lack carbonic anhydrase II immunohistochemically and show vascular calcification. Am J Pathol. 1989;134:947\u2013954.","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_101_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198507183130302"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_102_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.5.1804"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_103_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2009.08.031"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_104_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.7.3819"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_105_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.88.1.37"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_106_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1054-8807(04)00009-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_107_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64602-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_108_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/352330a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_109_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.090227"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_110_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2005-0005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_111_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2010.229"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_112_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.107.144824"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_113_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.84.2.166"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_114_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64482-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_115_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20020911"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_116_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.atv.0000074878.29805.d0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_117_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.070753"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_118_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2009.080734"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_119_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000318805"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_120_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/atvbaha.110.217745"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_121_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/atvbaha.110.220038"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_122_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03008200390181762"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_123_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.01.17305660"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_124_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1276205"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_125_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/76109"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_126_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001090000079"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_127_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/geno.1999.5925"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_128_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/76102"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_129_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.100041297"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_130_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001090000114"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_131_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0912923"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_132_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0625.2001.100401.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_133_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/humu.20206"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_134_2","first-page":"298","article-title":"Cardiovascular manifestations of Pseudoxanthoma elasticum","volume":"102","author":"Mendelsohn G","year":"1978","unstructured":"Mendelsohn G, Bulkley BH, Hutchins GM. Cardiovascular manifestations of Pseudoxanthoma elasticum. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1978;102:298\u2013302.","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_135_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCGENETICS.109.860270"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_136_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.2007.051094"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_137_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5700729"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_138_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2007.09.122"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_139_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.33162"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_140_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110918200"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_141_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2008.00795.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_142_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2009.423"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_143_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2008.212"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_144_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5700201"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_145_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/cc.7.11.6005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_146_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/cc.10.4.14862"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_147_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2000.tb00747.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_148_2","first-page":"393","article-title":"Idiopathic arterial calcification of infancy: a clinicopathologic study","volume":"10","author":"Moran JJ","year":"1975","unstructured":"Moran JJ. Idiopathic arterial calcification of infancy: a clinicopathologic study. Pathol Annu. 1975;10:393\u2013417.","journal-title":"Pathol Annu"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_149_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCGENETICS.108.797704"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_150_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63996-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_151_2","article-title":"Expression of NPP1 is regulated during atheromatous plaque calcification","author":"Nitschke Y","unstructured":"Nitschke Y, Hartmann S, Torsello G, Horstmann R, Seifarth H, Weissen-Plenz G, Rutsch F. Expression of NPP1 is regulated during atheromatous plaque calcification. J Cell Mol Med. December 8, 2009 [Epub ahead of print].","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_152_2","article-title":"Npp1 promotes atherosclerosis in ApoE knockout mice","author":"Nitschke Y","unstructured":"Nitschke Y, Weissen-Plenz G, Terkeltaub R, Rutsch F. Npp1 promotes atherosclerosis in ApoE knockout mice. J Cell Mol Med. April 8, 2011 [Epub ahead of print].","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_153_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2010.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_154_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2010.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_155_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2010.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_156_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfm566"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_157_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4093\/kdj.2010.34.5.320"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_158_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2008.397"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_159_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi000959z"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_160_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2007.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_161_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63208-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_162_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2003.18.6.994"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_163_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M909174199"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_164_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2008.07.062"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_165_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.070714"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_166_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfp362"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_167_2","article-title":"Extracellular pyrophosphate metabolism and calcification in vascular smooth muscle","author":"Villa-Bellosta R","unstructured":"Villa-Bellosta R, Wang X, Millan JL, Dubyak GR, O'Neill WC. Extracellular pyrophosphate metabolism and calcification in vascular smooth muscle. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. April 13, 2011 [Epub ahead of print].","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_168_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2009.08.055"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_169_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.060619"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_170_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymgme.2011.01.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_171_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/5102"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_172_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.50.31496"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_173_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circresaha.110.234328"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_174_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circresaha.107.154260"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_175_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1160\/TH09-12-0814"}],"container-title":["Circulation Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.111.247965","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T03:35:15Z","timestamp":1715571315000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.111.247965"}},"subtitle":["Pieces of a Puzzle and Cogs in a Wheel"],"editor":[{"given":"Dwight A.","family":"Towler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,19]]},"references-count":174,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,19]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.111.247965"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/circresaha.111.247965","relation":{},"ISSN":["0009-7330","1524-4571"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0009-7330","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-4571","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2011-05-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2011-07-05","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2011-08-19","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}