{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T02:48:11Z","timestamp":1792723691677,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circulation Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,6]]},"abstract":"\n \n Rationale:<\/jats:underline>\n <\/jats:title>\n \n The embryonic epicardium is a crucial cell source of the cardiac fibrous skeleton as well as of the coronary system. Genetic lineage tracing systems based on\n Wt1<\/jats:italic>\n regulatory sequences provided evidence that epicardium-derived cells also adopt a myocardial fate in the mouse.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n \n Objective:<\/jats:underline>\n <\/jats:title>\n \n To define the adequacy of\n Wt1<\/jats:italic>\n -based lineage tracing systems for epicardial fate mapping.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n \n Methods and Results:<\/jats:underline>\n <\/jats:title>\n \n Using in situ hybridization analysis and immunofluorescence on tissue sections, we detected endogenous expression of\n Wt1<\/jats:italic>\n mRNA and Wt1 protein in the proepicardium and epicardium and also in endothelial cells throughout cardiogenesis. Expression analysis of a sensitive GFP reporter showed that recombination mediated by cre recombinase in the\n Wt1<\/jats:italic>\n \n creEGFP<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sup>\n line occurs randomly and sporadically in all cells of the embryo. Recombination in cardiomyocytes was found in the linear heart tube before establishment of a (pro)epicardium. In contrast, the tamoxifen-inducible\n Wt1<\/jats:italic>\n \n creERT2<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sup>\n mouse line mediated poor and variable recombination in the epicardium. Recombination in cardiomyocytes was not detected in this case.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:underline>\n <\/jats:title>\n \n Frequently used\n Wt1<\/jats:italic>\n based cre-mediated lineage tracing systems are not suitable for epicardial fate mapping because of endogenous endothelial expression of Wt1, ectopic recombination (\n Wt1<\/jats:italic>\n \n creEGFP<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sup>\n ), and poor recombination efficiency (\n Wt1<\/jats:italic>\n \n creERT2<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sup>\n ) in the developing heart. We conclude that claims of a cardiomyocyte fate of epicardial cells in the mouse are not substantiated.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/circresaha.112.273946","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,13]],"date-time":"2012-06-13T04:56:56Z","timestamp":1339563416000},"page":"165-169","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":157,"title":["Wt1 and Epicardial Fate Mapping"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Carsten","family":"Rudat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institut f\u00fcr Molekularbiologie, OE5250, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Kispert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institut f\u00fcr Molekularbiologie, OE5250, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000047867"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.1996.0068"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.1997.8801"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.1998.8949"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004290050235"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.82.10.1043"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","first-page":"1005","article-title":"Origin of coronary endothelial cells from epicardial mesothelium in avian embryos","volume":"46","author":"Perez-Pomares JM","year":"2002","unstructured":"Perez-Pomares JM, Carmona R, Gonzalez-Iriarte M, Atencia G, Wessels A, Munoz-Chapuli R . Origin of coronary endothelial cells from epicardial mesothelium in avian embryos. 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