{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T15:07:31Z","timestamp":1791644851551,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circulation Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is a major risk factor for heart failure. PGK1 (phosphoglycerate kinase 1) plays an important role in cellular energy metabolism. However, the functions of PGK1 in cardiac hypertrophy remain largely unexplored.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The expression and activity of PGK1, as well as its metabolite 3-phosphoglycerate, were examined in cardiac hypertrophy patients and mice subjected to transverse aortic constriction or Ang II (angiotensin II). Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and co-immunoprecipitation analyses were used to identify the interacting proteins of PGK1. The potential effect of a PGK1 inhibitor CBR-470-1 was examined in a murine model of cardiac hypertrophy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The activation and upregulation of PGK1 were observed in myocardium tissues from mice and patients with cardiac hypertrophy. Cardiomyocyte-specific PGK1-deficiency alleviated cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction in mice. Conversely, cardiomyocyte-specific PGK1 overexpression or infusion of 3-phosphoglycerate exacerbated cardiac hypertrophy. Mechanistically, PGK1 functioned as a protein kinase to stimulate phosphorylation of vimentin (Ser83), followed by FAK (Focal Adhesion Kinase) \/Src (sarcoma)-mediated phosphorylation of PI3K (Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase)\/Akt (Protein Kinase B). The activated vimentin\/PI3K\/Akt signaling facilitated cardiomyocyte ferroptosis. Inhibition of PGK1 by CBR-470-1 prevented cardiac hypertrophy in cellular and animal models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings highlight a critical role for PGK1 in myocardial hypertrophy, with downstream activation of the vimentin\/PI3K\/Akt\/ferroptosis pathway.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/circresaha.125.327173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T10:00:15Z","timestamp":1771927215000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["PGK1 Drives Cardiac Hypertrophy by Regulating the Vimentin\/PI3K\/Akt Pathway"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"138","author":[{"given":"Xue-Xue","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Medical Basic Research Innovation Center for Gut Microbiota and Chronic Diseases (X.-X.Z., A.-Y.Z., G.-W.X., S.-Q.G., L.-M.J., Y.-F.L., T.H., M.W., L.Y., C.-Y.Z., H.-J.S.), Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China."},{"name":"Department of Clinical Research Center, Jiangnan University Medical Center (Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital) (X.-X.Z., A.-Y.Z., R.L., Y.J., X.L., Z.-J.H., H.-J.S.), Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ao-Yuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Medical Basic Research Innovation Center for Gut Microbiota and Chronic Diseases (X.-X.Z., A.-Y.Z., G.-W.X., S.-Q.G., L.-M.J., Y.-F.L., T.H., M.W., L.Y., C.-Y.Z., H.-J.S.), Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China."},{"name":"Department of Clinical Research Center, Jiangnan University Medical Center (Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital) (X.-X.Z., A.-Y.Z., R.L., Y.J., X.L., Z.-J.H., H.-J.S.), Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gui-Wen","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Medical Basic Research Innovation Center for Gut Microbiota and Chronic Diseases (X.-X.Z., A.-Y.Z., G.-W.X., S.-Q.G., L.-M.J., Y.-F.L., T.H., M.W., L.Y., C.-Y.Z., H.-J.S.), Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Research Center, Jiangnan University Medical Center (Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital) (X.-X.Z., A.-Y.Z., R.L., Y.J., X.L., Z.-J.H., H.-J.S.), Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheng-Qi","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Medical Basic Research Innovation Center for Gut Microbiota and Chronic Diseases (X.-X.Z., A.-Y.Z., G.-W.X., S.-Q.G., L.-M.J., Y.-F.L., T.H., M.W., L.Y., C.-Y.Z., H.-J.S.), Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Le-Ming","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Medical Basic Research Innovation Center for Gut Microbiota and Chronic Diseases (X.-X.Z., A.-Y.Z., G.-W.X., S.-Q.G., L.-M.J., Y.-F.L., T.H., M.W., L.Y., C.-Y.Z., H.-J.S.), Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Fei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Medical Basic Research Innovation Center for Gut Microbiota and Chronic Diseases (X.-X.Z., A.-Y.Z., G.-W.X., S.-Q.G., L.-M.J., Y.-F.L., T.H., M.W., L.Y., C.-Y.Z., H.-J.S.), Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Medical Basic 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Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen-Yang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Medical Basic Research Innovation Center for Gut Microbiota and Chronic Diseases (X.-X.Z., A.-Y.Z., G.-W.X., S.-Q.G., L.-M.J., Y.-F.L., T.H., M.W., L.Y., C.-Y.Z., H.-J.S.), Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5995-6555","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bernd","family":"N\u00fcrnberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomic, Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomic and Drug Research, Eberhard Karls University, T\u00fcbingen, Germany (B.N., 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